Behavioral Addictions _ _______________________________________________________________________
F inal E xam
BEHAVIORAL ADDICTIONS
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31. Non-substance behavioral addiction was first characterized by A) compulsivity. B) Internet addiction. C) psychiatric comorbidity. D) counter-productive behaviors. 32. As an aspect of addiction, compulsivity is best described as A) dominant in later stages, motivated by reward. B) dominant in earlier stages, motivated by reward. C) dominant in later stages, motivated by avoidance of negative emotional states. D) dominant in earlier stages, motivated by avoidance of negative emotional states. 33. In a pivotal 2006 study, the core feature of addiction that strongly suggested addiction was no longer tethered to substance use was A) craving or urges. B) inability to consistently abstain. C) impaired ability to control the behavior. D) the behavior continues despite negative consequences. 34. Which of the following describes negative reinforcement? A) Sensitivity to punishment B) Loss of behavioral control C) Addictive behavior reinforced by euphoria D) Addictive behavior driven to alleviate a negative emotional state 35. The cognitive-behavioral model of addiction addresses the role of motivational drivers in addiction in all of the following, EXCEPT:
36. Which of the following personality factors predisposes an individual to behavioral addiction? A) Shyness B) High self-esteem C) Low impulsivity D) All of the above 37. Child and adolescent vulnerability to behavioral addiction are suggested by all of the following, EXCEPT: A) There is greater influence of affective systems over decision-making and behavior. B) The brain region that regulates risk-reward decision- making is among the last to mature. C) Initiation of substance use and other problem behaviors usually occurs after brain maturation. D) Brain mechanisms that mediate cognitive control, impulsivity, and reward sensitivity do not mature until young adulthood. 38. Broadly speaking, all of the following are TRUE of pharmacotherapy in behavioral addictions, EXCEPT: A) Naltrexone shows efficacy across several behavioral addictions. B) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) show efficacy across several behavioral addictions. C) SSRIs have been the most widely studied and used drug therapies, introduced following their efficacy in OCD. D) Naltrexone was recently introduced as behavioral addiction treatment, based on efficacy in substance addictions. 39. Compared with men, women with gambling disorder tend to show A) older age of initiation and slower progression to gambling disorder criteria. B) earlier age of initiation and slower progression to gambling disorder criteria. C) earlier age of initiation and more rapid progression to gambling disorder criteria. D) older age of initiation and more rapid progression to gambling disorder criteria.
A) Reward-seeking B) Decision-making C) Rejection sensitivity D) Executive inhibition
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