exercise interventions with individuals who have AD and specific recommendations related to the use of outcome measures were provided. Resources ● Alzheimer’s Association http://www.alz.org ● Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias of the National Institute on Aging http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers ● Alzheimer’s Foundation of America http://www.alzfdn.org ● American Occupational Therapy Association http://www.aota.org ● American Physical Therapy Association http://www.apta.org ● Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration (AFTD) http://www.theaftd.org ● Caregiver Action Network http://www.caregiveraction.org ● Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Foundation, Inc. http://www.cjdfoundation.org ● Family Caregiver Alliance https://caregiver.org Allali, G., & Verghese, J. (2017). Management of gait changes and fall risk in MCI and dementia. Current Treatment Options in Neurology , 19 (9), 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940- 017-0466-1. Alzheimer’s Association. (2018a). 2018 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association , 14 (3), 367-429. Alzheimer’s Association. (2018b). Alzheimer’s Association. Retrieved from https://alz.org/. References Aman, E., & Thomas, D. R. (2009). Supervised exercise to reduce agitation in severely cognitively impaired persons. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 10 (4), 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2008.12.053. American Geriatrics Society. (2015). 2015 Updated Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 63 (11), 2227-2246. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13702. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. Archer, T. (2011). Physical exercise alleviates debilities of normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica , 123 (4), 221-238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01412.x. Barreto, P. de S., Demougeot, L., Pillard, F., Lapeyre-Mestre, M., & Rolland, Y. (2015). Exercise training for managing behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews , 24 (Pt B), 274-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. arr.2015.09.001. Beauchet, O., Allali, G., Sekhon, H., Verghese, J., Guilain, S., Steinmetz, J.-P., . . . Helbostad, J. L. (2017). Guidelines for assessment of gait and reference values for spatiotemporal gait parameters in older adults: The biomathics and Canadian Gait Consortiums initiative. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , 11 (Article 353). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00353. Beauchet, O., Annweiler, C., Callisaya, M. L., De Cock, A.-M., Helbostad, J. L., Kressig, R. W., . . . Allali, G. (2016). Poor gait performance and prediction of dementia: Results from a meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 17 (6), 482-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jamda.2015.12.092. Beck, C., Heacock, P., Rapp, C. G., & Mercer, S. O. (1993). Assisting cognitively impaired elders with activities of daily living. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Care and Related Disorders & Research , 8 (6), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1177/153331759300800602. Birks, J. S., & Grimley Evans, J. (2015). Rivastigmine for Alzheimer’s disease. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , (4), CD001191. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001191.pub3. Birks, J. S., & Harvey, R. J. (2018). Donepezil for dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 6 , CD001190. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001190. pub3. Blankevoort, C. G., van Heuvelen, M. J. G., Boersma, F., Luning, H., De Jong, J., & Scherder, E. J. A. (2010). Review of effects of physical activity on strength, balance, mobility and ADL performance in elderly subjects with dementia. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders , 30 (5), 392-402. https://doi.org/10.1159/000321357. Blankevoort, C. G., van Heuvelen, M. J. G., & Scherder, E. J. A. (2013). Reliability of six physical performance tests in older people with dementia. Physical Therapy , 93 (1), 69-78. https://doi. org/10.2522/ptj.20110164. Booth, V., Hood, V., & Kearney, F. (2016). Interventions incorporating physical and cognitive elements to reduce falls risk in cognitively impaired older adults: a systematic review. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports , 14 (5), 110-135. https://doi.org/10.11124/ JBISRIR-2016-002499. Borson, S., Scanlan, J., Brush, M., Vitaliano, P., & Dokmak, A. (2000). The mini-cog: a cognitive “vital signs” measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 15 (11), 1021-1027. Boyer, K. A., Johnson, R. T., Banks, J. J., Jewell, C., & Hafer, J. F. (2017). Systematic review and meta- analysis of gait mechanics in young and older adults. Experimental Gerontology , 95 , 63-70. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.05.005. Bridenbaugh, S. A., & Kressig, R. W. (2014). Quantitative gait disturbances in older adults with cognitive impairments. Current Pharmaceutical Design , 20 (19), 3165-3172. Britt, W. G., Hansen, A. M., Bhaskerrao, S., Larsen, J. P., Petersen, F., Dickson, A., . . . Kirsch, W. M. (2011). Mild cognitive impairment: Prodromal Alzheimer’s disease or something else? Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease , 27 (3), 543-551. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2011-110740. Brody, E. M., Kleban, M. H., Lawton, M. P., & Silverman, H. A. (1971). Excess disabilities of mentally impaired aged: Impact of individualized treatment. The Gerontologist , 11 (2), 124-133. Buddingh, S., Liang, J., Allen, J., Koziak, A., Buckingham, J., & Beaupre, L. A. (2013). Rehabilitation for long-term care residents following hip fracture: A survey of reported rehabilitation practices and perceived barriers to delivery of care. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy , 36 (1), 39-46. https:// doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0b013e3182569b4f. Burns, J. M., Johnson, D. K., Watts, A., Swerdlow, R. H., & Brooks, W. M. (2010). Reduced lean mass in early Alzheimer disease and its association with brain atrophy. Archives of Neurology , 67 (4), 428- 433. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.38. Burton, E., Cavalheri, V., Adams, R., Browne, C. O., Bovery-Spencer, P., Fenton, A. M., . . . Hill, K. D. (2015). Effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Interventions in Aging , 10 , 421-434. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S71691. Cai, Y., & Abrahamson, K. (2015). How exercise influences cognitive performance when mild cognitive impairment exists: A literature review. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services , 54 (1), 25-35. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20151109-03. Chan, W. C., Yeung, J. W. F., Wong, C. S. M., Lam, L. C. W., Chung, K. F., Luk, J. K. H., . . . Law, A. C. K. (2015). Efficacy of physical exercise in preventing falls in older adults with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 16 (2), 149-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.08.007.
After completing this course, return to the case vignettes at the end of the course Introduction and identify how to proceed in each situation. ● Lewy Body Dementia Association, Inc. http://www.lbda.org National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Information Pages: ● Alzheimer’s Disease Information Page https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Alzheimers- Disease-Information-Page ● Dementia With Lewy Bodies Information Page https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Dementia-Lewy- Bodies-Information-Page ● Frontotemporal Dementia Information Page https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Frontotemporal- Dementia-Information-Page ● Multi-Infarct Dementia Information Page https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Multi-Infarct- Dementia-Information-Page Shirley Ryan AbilityLab: Rehabilitation Measures Database ● http://www.rehabmeasures.org Chieffi, S., Messina, G., Villano, I., Messina, A., Valenzano, A., Moscatelli, F., . . . Monda, M. (2017). Neuroprotective effects of physical activity: Evidence from human and animal studies. Frontiers in Neurology , 8 , 188. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00188. Christofoletti, G., Oliani, M. M., Bucken-Gobbi, L. T., Gobbi, S., Beinotti, F., & Stella, F. (2011). Physical activity attenuates neuropsychiatric disturbances and caregiver burden in patients with dementia. Clinics , 66 (4), 613-618. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1807-59322011000400015. Cieślik, B., Jaworska, L., & Szczepańska-Gierach, J. (2016). Postural stability in the cognitively impaired elderly: A systematic review of the literature. Dementia (London), Advance online publication. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1471301216663012. Coelho, F. G. de M., Vital, T. M., Stein, A. M., Arantes, F. J., Rueda, A. V., Camarini, R., . . . Santos- Galduróz, R. F. (2014). Acute aerobic exercise increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in elderly with Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease , 39 (2), 401-408. https://doi.org/10.3233/ JAD-131073. Conradsson, M. M., Lundin-Olsson, L. L., Lindelöf, N. N., Littbrand, H. H., Malmqvist, L. L., Gustafson, Y. Y., & Rosendahl, E. E. (2007). Berg balance scale: Intrarater test-retest reliability among older people dependent in activities of daily living and living in residential care facilities. Physical Therapy , 87 (9), 1155-1163. Creavin, S. T. (2016). Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , (4), CD011145. Retrieved from http://proxymu.wrlc.org/login?url=http:// search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=chh&AN=CD011145&site=ehost-live. Dawson, N., Gerhart, H., & Judge, K. S. (2017). Findings from a strength-based moderate-intensity exercise interventions for individuals with dementia (innovative practice). Dementia (London) , 1471301217730951. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301217730951. Dawson, N., Judge, K. S., & Gerhart, H. (2017). Improved functional performance in individuals with dementia after a moderate-intensity home-based exercise program: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy . Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1519/ JPT.0000000000000128. de Werd, M. M., Boelen, D., Rikkert, M. G. O., & Kessels, R. P. (2013). Errorless learning of everyday tasks in people with dementia. Clinical Interventions in Aging , 8 , 1177-1190. https://doi.org/10.2147/ CIA.S46809. Dick, M. B., Andel, R., Bricker, J., Gorospe, J. B., Hsieh, S., & Dick-Muehlke, C. (2001). Dependence on visual feedback during motor skill learning in Alzheimer’s disease. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition , 8 (2), 120-136. https://doi.org/10.1076/anec.8.2.120.840. Dick, M. B., Hsieh, S., Bricker, J., & Dick-Muehlke, C. (2003). 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