7 Ethics and Jurisprudence for the Indiana Physical Therapy Professional: Summary
ETHICAL DECISION MAKING The Realm-Individual Process-Situation (RIPS) Model The RIPS Model of Ethical Decision Making includes elements of Rushworth Kidder’s work on ethical decision making. The RIPS Model assumes that approaching an ethical situation should include consideration of: 1. Individual : the good of the patient and the rights, duties, relationships, and behaviors between individuals, including the therapist, client, and others. 2. Organizational or institutional : the good of the organization and focuses on structures and systems that will facilitate organizational or institutional goals. 3. Societal : the common good; the most complex realm. The RIPS Model includes strategies to identify the ethical dilemma and the personal factors that influence the therapist’s decision, including moral issues. The components of RIPS are as follows: • Environmental Context : realm- individual, organizational/institutional, societal. • Individual process : ethical sensitivity, judgment, motivation, or courage. • Situation : ethical issue or problem, dilemma, distress, moral temptation. Four Steps to Ethical Decision Making Step 1 : Recognize and define the ethical issues. Step 2 : Reflect upon and interpreting the information gathered in Step 1 Step 3 : Decide the right thing to do. This step aims to resolve an ethical dilemma where two conflicting options seem to be right. Kidder (1995) suggested three possible courses of action: 1. Rule based : Follow the rules, duties, obligations, or ethical principles in place. 2. Ends based : Weigh the consequences, good, or harm that will result for all stakeholders. 3. Care based : Resolve dilemmas according to relationships and concern for others. Step 4 : Implement, evaluate, reassess.
INDIANA JURISPRUDENCE
Introduction The Indiana Code §25-27, as well as Indiana Administrative Code, Title 842, Article 1, also known as the Indiana Practice Act, are the licensure laws and administrative rules that govern physical therapists and physical therapist assistants in the state of Indiana. It is important to occasionally review these laws and rules, as they can change with each legislative session. Because these laws and regulations are fundamental to the scope of the physical therapist, it is important to understand them. In the following discussion you will find specifications for licensure information, including application for original licensures, renewals, and suspensions. A large portion of the jurisprudence is dedicated to the standards of professional conduct and competent practice. In the following sections you will find excerpts of these legislative laws. Section 1: Definitions 1. “Physical therapy” means care and services provided by or under the direction and supervision of a physical therapist that includes any of the following: a. Examining, evaluating, and conducting testing on patients with mechanical, movement-related conditions in order to determine a physical therapy diagnosis. b. Alleviating impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities by designing, implementing, and modifying treatment interventions that may include therapeutic exercise, functional training in home, community, or work integration or reintegration that is related to physical movement and mobility, manual therapy, including soft tissue and joint mobilization or manipulation, therapeutic massage, prescription, application, and fabrication of assistive, adaptive, orthotic, protective, and supportive devices and equipment, including prescription and application of physiological, or developmental impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities or other health- and
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