Vowles, K. E., McEntee, M. L., Julnes, P. S., Frohe, T., Ney, J. P., & van der Goes, D. N. (2015). Rates of opioid misuse, abuse, and addiction in chronic pain: A systematic review and data synthesis. Pain, 156 (4), 569-576. doi:10.1097/01.j.pain.0000460357.01998.f1. Vranceanu, A. M., Bachoura, A., Weening, A., Vrahas, M., Smith, R. M., & Ring, D. (2014). Psychological factors predict disability and pain intensity after skeletal trauma. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery (American), 96 (3), e20. doi:10.2106/JBJS.L.00479. Walther‐Larsen, S., Pedersen, M. T., Friis, S. M., Aagaard, G. B., Rømsing, J., Jeppesen, E. M., & Friedrichsdorf, S. J. (2017). Pain prevalence in hospitalized children: A prospective cross-sectional survey in four Danish university hospitals. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 61 (3), 328-337. doi:10.1111/aas.12846. Waterschoot, F. P., Dijkstra, P. U., Hollak, N., de Vries, H. J., Geertzen, J. H., & Reneman, M. F. (2014). Dose or content? Effectiveness of pain rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic low back pain: A systematic review. Pain, 155 (1), 179-189. doi:10.1016/j. pain.2013.10.006. Weigl, M., & Stephan, P. (2018). Biopsychosocial multidisciplinary rehabilitation in low back pain: A comparison of effects after 12 months in patients older and younger than 65 years. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 61 , e18. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.039. Wijma, A. J., Bletterman, A. N., Clark, J. R., Vervoort, S. C. J. M., Beetsma, A., Keizer, D., . . . Van Wilgen, C. P. (2017). Patient-centeredness in physiotherapy: What does it entail? A systematic review of qualitative studies. Physiotherapy Theory & Practice, 33 (11), 825-840. doi:10.1080/09593985.2017.1357151. Williams, L., Bohac, C., Hunter, S., Cella, D., & Williams, L. A. (2016). Patient and health care provider perceptions of cancer-related fatigue and pain. Supportive Care in Cancer, 24 (10), 4357-4363. doi:10.1007/s00520-016-3275-2.
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PAIN ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT Final Examination Questions Select the best answer for each question and mark your answers on the Final Examination Answer Sheet found on page 146, or complete your test online at EliteLearning.com/Book 62. In response to the American Pain Society Quality of Care Committee suggestion, pain was designated as: a. A normal sign of aging. b. The fifth vital sign. c. A part of discharge planning. d. The Decade of Pain Control and Research. 63. Which of the following is an accurate way to characterize pain? a. No pain, no gain. 70. Which of the following factors affects pain assessment and management for older adults? a. Short-term memory loss. b. Increased mobility. c. Reduced sensitivity to drugs. d. Accelerated drug excretion. 71. A simple but useful definition of pain states that pain: a. Is whatever the person says it is. b. Always follows an injury. c. Is short-lived and easy to cope with. d. Is always a chronic condition. 72. Which of the following is the first step in an accurate pain assessment? a. Coordinate with nursing to ensure adequate premedication prior to assessment.
b. Pain must be linked to actual physical damage. c. Pain is a sensory and emotional experience. d. Pain can be categorized by source or severity, but not by duration. 64. Which of the following is characteristic of chronic pain? a. Pain occurring after surgery, fracture, or trauma. b. Constant sharp pains following injury. c. Pain lasting more than 6 months. d. Pain that is easily treated with medication. 65. Which of the following stimulates nociceptors? a. Psychological factors. b. Social factors. c. Electrical factors. d. Mechanical factors. 66. Which of the following groups is underserved in terms of pain management? a. Outpatients. b. Children. c. Men. d. Older adults. 67. The recommended treatment for complex regional pain syndrome is: a. Psychiatric treatment. b. Occupational or physical therapy. c. Daily massage. d. Ultrasound. 68. Which of the following structures is affected by somatic pain? a. Muscles and joints. b. Internal organs. c. Psychological constructs. d. Blood vessels. 69. Fibromyalgia is a pain condition characterized by: a. Fatigue, sleep disorders, paresthesia, and tenderness. b. Low energy, poor sleep, dull aches, and weight loss. c. Fatigue, sleep apnea, depression, and weight gain. d. Restlessness, drowsiness, chronic pain, and dry skin.
b. Present the client with pain management options. c. Obtain a description of the client’s pain using open- ended questions. d. Help the client understand that the practitioner is always right. 73. Which of the following measurements should a practitioner use to most objectively measure pain response? a. Asking open-ended questions about pain. b. The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. c. Increased heart rate or respiratory rate. d. Decreased body temperature or blood pressure. 74. An example of a pain behavior observed during a pain assessment is: a. Facial grimacing. b. Smiling and laughing. c. Sleeping. d. Elevated heart rate. 75. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) may treat pain by: a. Blocking the pain input. b. Distracting the client from the pain. c. Changing the temperature of the skin. d. Numbing the area of pain. 76. Positive outcomes from the use of interdisciplinary pain teams include: a. Dramatically better results from less-intensive programs.
b. Improved likelihood of return to work. c. Increased use of prescription medication. d. Reduced cost of care by 30%.
Course code: PYMA02PA
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Book Code: PYMA2024
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