CONCLUSION
Globally, suicide has become a huge burden on healthcare as a major cause of death in adolescents. Understanding the triggers, protective factors, and risk factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of suicide in different populations is central to designing adequate prevention and monitoring campaigns against suicide. In the youth population, the complex interrelation between suicidal ideation behavior and puberty makes it a special research interest. Exposure to social stressors at a time when the neurological stress regulatory systems are still developing complicates suicide studies in youth populations. Compared to suicidal ideation in other age groups, suicide in the youth population appears to have specific patterns of risks and outcomes. Mental disorders, previous suicide attempts, genetic loading, and availability of means contribute substantially to the risks in this population. Reducing the burden of suicide risk in any youth population requires integrated strategies for prevention and risk modification. These strategies can be population based, or they may target high-risk clusters. Education, awareness campaigns, mental health promotion, and limiting access to means of suicide are popular strategies commonly initiated around the world today. With the wealth of evidence supporting nonpharmacological therapies, cognitive-behavioral therapy is Aalsma, M., Keys, J., Ferrin, S., Shan, M., Garbuz, T., Scott, T., Adams, Z., Hulvershorn, L., & Downs, S. (2022). Adolescent suicide assessment and management in primary care. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1), 389. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03454-4 Alphs, L., Fu, D. J., Williamson, D., Jamieson, C., Greist, J., Harrington, M., Lindenmayer, J. P., McCullumsmith, C., Sheehan, D. V., Shelton, R. C., Wicks, P., & Canuso, C. M. (2022). SIBAT-A Computerized Assessment Tool for Suicidal ideation and Behavior: Development and psychometric properties. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 19(4-6), 36-47. https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9341319/ Alphs, L., Fu, D. J., Williamson, D., Turkoz, I., Jamieson, C., Revicki, D., & Canuso, C. M. (2020). Suicidal ideation and Behavior Assessment Tool (SIBAT): Evaluation of intra- and inter-rater reliability, validity, and mapping to columbia classification algorithm of suicide assessment. Psychiatry Research, 294. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113495 Alvarez-Subiela, X., Castellano-Tejedor, C., Villar-Cabeza, F., Vila-Grifoll, M., & Palao-Vidal, D. (2022). Family factors related to suicidal behavior in adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 9892. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ ijerph19169892 References Ankarberg-Lindgren, C., Andersson, M. X., & Dahlgren, J. (2020). Determination of estrone sulfate, testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS, cortisol, cortisone, and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone by LC-MS/MS in children and adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 80(8), 672-680. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00365513.2020.1829699 Arendse, M., Simmons, J. G., Patton, G., Mundy, L., Byrne, M. L., Seal, M. L., Allen, N. B., & Whittle, S. (2020). Adrenarcheal timing longitudinally predicts anxiety symptoms via amygdala connectivity during emotion processing. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(6), 739-748.e2. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j. jaac.2019.04.018 Auerbach, R. P., Pagliaccio, D., & Kirshenbaum, J. S. (2022). Anhedonia and suicide. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 58, 443-464. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2022_358 Becker, M., Correll, C. U. (2020). Suicidality in childhood and adolescence. 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Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi. org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.929679 Clapham, R., & Brausch, A. (2022). Internalizing and externalizing symptoms moderate the relationship between emotion dysregulation and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-022-01413-9 Comparelli, A., Corigliano, V., Montalbani, B., Nardella, A., De Carolis, A., Stampatore, L., Bargagna, P., Forcina, F., Lamis, D., & Pompili, M. (2022). Building a neurocognitive profile of suicidal risk in severe mental disorders. BMC Psychiatry, 22(1), 628. https://doi. org/10.1186/s12888-022-04240-3 Cooper, K., Hards, E., Moltrecht, B., Reynolds, S., Shum, A., McElroy, E., & Loades, M. (2021). Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Affective Disorders, 289, 98-104. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j. jad.2021.04.016 Cordero, M. I., Stenz, L., Moser, D. 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also rapidly gaining global acceptance in the management of suicidal ideation and behavior. The presence of a psychosocial support network can also help modify the risk of suicide in the youth population. This network leverages togetherness and family connections to strengthen social contact and integration for high-risk suicidal patients. Third-party support networks have also been widely advised in community-based therapy approaches. Adolescents in the military and those who belong to religious, community, or self-help organizations may receive support through these affiliations. Combined with the hormonal effects of puberty, brain circuit alterations—especially connections among the amygdala, hippocampus, and striatum—provide a logical explanation for the observed increase in youth suicide risk. Youth-targeted therapy plans have gained global recognition because of the multiple factors identified as triggers and risks of youth suicide. 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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073339 Kirshenbaum, J. S., Chahal, R., Ho, T. C., King, L. S., Gifuni, A. J., Mastrovito, D., Coury, S. M., Weisenburger, R. L., & Gotlib, I. H. (2022). Correlates and predictors of the severity of suicidal ideation in adolescence: An examination of brain connectomics and psychosocial characteristics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 63(6), 701-714. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13512 Kivelä, L., van der Does, W., Riese, H., & Antypa, N. (2022). Don't miss the moment: A systematic review of ecological momentary assessment in suicide research. Frontiers in Digital Health, 4, 876595. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2022.876595 Large, M., Myles, N., Myles, H., Corderoy, A., Weiser, M., Davidson, M., & Ryan, C. J. (2018). Suicide risk assessment among psychiatric inpatients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of high-risk categories. Psychological Medicine, 48(7), 1119-1127. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0033291717002537 Laube, C., van den Bos, W., & Fandakova, Y. (2020). The relationship between pubertal hormones and brain plasticity: Implications for cognitive training in adolescence. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 42, 100753. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100753 Lee, J., Bang, Y. S., Min, S., Ahn, J. S., Kim, H., Cha, Y. S., Park, I. S., & Kim, M. H. (2019). Characteristics of adolescents who visit the emergency department following suicide attempts: Comparison study between adolescents and adults. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 231. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2213-5 Lee, P. H., Doyle, A. E., Silberstein, M., Jung, J. Y., Liu, R., Perlis, R. H., Roffman, J., Smoller, J. W., Fava, M., & Kessler, R. C. (2022). Associations between genetic risk for adult suicide attempt and suicidal behaviors in young children in the US. 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