_______________________________________________________________ Healthcare-Associated Infections
F inal E xam
HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS
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1. Healthcare-associated infections occur in what percentage of hospital inpatients? A) 0.1% to 0.2%
6. Which of the following statements about airborne micro-organisms is TRUE? A) Bacteria in the air are primarily gram- negative cocci. B) All airborne viruses can be transmitted over long distances. C) Cleaning can contribute to the transmission of airborne micro-organisms. D) The type of air conditioning system has little effect on reducing contamination. 7. The micro-organism most commonly found in tap water is A) streptococci. B) varicella zoster. C) Staphylococcus aureus. D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 8. The patient-related factor that confers the greatest risk for nosocomial infection is A) older age. B) multiple trauma.
B) 3% to 4% C) 5% to 10% D) 10% to 15%
2. Which of the following statements regarding healthcare-associated infections is FALSE? A) Adherence to prevention guidelines is generally low. B) An estimated 90% of healthcare-associated infections are preventable. C) The costs of some healthcare-associated infections are not reimbursable. D) Reporting of healthcare-associated infections is mandatory in many states. 3. Which of the following statements about the pathogenesis of infection is TRUE? A) Commensal bacteria are always a source of infection. B) Mucosal surfaces are a primary entry point for micro-organisms. C) The primary route of transmission for infection is contaminated water. D) All of the above 4. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for infection with a drug-resistant micro- organism? A) Younger age B) Underlying disease C) Prolonged hospitalization D) Exposure to antimicrobial agents
C) comorbid conditions. D) low nutritional status.
9. Which of the following statements about infections related to devices is TRUE? A) The rate of hepatitis B and C transmission through endoscopy is high. B) Most infections associated with devices can be attributed to noncritical devices. C) The most common cause of infection associated with endoscopy is inadequate reprocessing. D) Infectious organisms are transmitted in approximately 5% of gastrointestinal endoscopies.
5. The most common drug-resistant healthcare- associated infection is
A) multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. B) vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.
C) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. D) carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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