_______________________________________________________________ Healthcare-Associated Infections
TYPE AND DURATION OF PRECAUTIONS REQUIRED FOR INFECTIONS WITH POTENTIAL FOR OUTBREAKS (Continued)
Infection/Condition Precaution Type Precaution Duration Notes Norovirus Standard Duration of illness
Cohorting of affected patients to separate airspaces and toilet facilities may help interrupt transmission during outbreaks. Use Contact Precautions for diapered or incontinent persons for the duration of illness or to control outbreaks. Ensure consistent environmental cleaning and disinfection, with focus on restrooms even when apparently unsoiled. Persons who clean heavily contaminated areas may benefit from wearing masks as virus can be aerosolized.
Plague, bubonic
Standard Standard, Droplet
Ongoing
—
Plague, pneumonic
Until 48 hours after initiation of effective therapy Duration of illness Ongoing until 24 hours after initiation of effective therapy Duration of illness Until 24 hours after initiation of effective therapy Duration of illness Ongoing
Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be given to exposed healthcare staff.
Pneumonia caused by: Adenovirus Legionella Meningococcal Mycoplasma (primary atypical pneumonia)
—
Droplet, Contact Standard
Droplet Droplet
Scabies
Contact, Standard
—
Staphylococcus aureus , skin, wound, or burn Major: no dressing or dressing does not contain drainage adequately Minor or limited: dressing covers and contains drainage adequately Group A streptococci, skin, wound, or burn (major: no dressing or dressing does not contain drainage adequately)
—
Contact
Standard
Contact, Droplet
Until 24 hours after initiation of effective therapy
—
Toxoplasmosis
Standard Standard
Ongoing Ongoing
— —
Toxic shock syndrome (staphylococcal or streptococcal disease)
Tuberculosis, extrapulmonary (draining lesion)
Airborne, Contact
Only when therapy is effective, patient is clinically improving, and the cultures of 3 consecutive sputum smears, collected on different days, are negative
Examine for evidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis. (If evidence exists, additional precautions are necessary.)
Tuberculosis, extrapulmonary (no draining lesion, meningitis)
Standard
Ongoing
Examine for evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. (If evidence exists, additional precautions are necessary.)
Table 21 continues on next page.
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