1910.1048(o)(6)(ii) The employer shall make employee exposure records, including estimates made from representative monitoring and available upon request for examination, and copying to the subject employee, or former employee, and employee representatives in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020 (a)-(e) and (g)-(i).
1910.1048(o)(6)(iii) Employee medical records required by this standard shall be provided upon request for examination and copying, to the subject employee or former employee or to anyone having the specific written consent of the subject employee or former employee in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020 (a)-(e) and (g)- (i). (OSHA, 2013[1]) Fire and Explosion Hazard ● Moderate fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. ● The flash point of 37% formaldehyde solutions is above normal room temperature, but the explosion range is very wide, from 7-73% by volume in air. ● Reaction of formaldehyde with nitrogen dioxide, nitromethane, perchloric acid and aniline, or peroxyformic acid yields explosive compounds. ● Flash Point: 185°F (85°C) closed cup ● Lower Explosion Limit: 7% ● Upper Explosion Limit: 73% ● Autoignition Temperature: 806° F (430°C) ● Flammability Class (OSHA): Category 4 flammable liquid ● Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, “alcohol foam,” carbon dioxide, or water in flooding amounts as fog. Solid streams may not be effective. Cool fire-exposed containers with water from side until well after fire is out. Use of water spray to flush spills can also dilute the spill to produce nonflammable mixtures. Water runoff, however, should be contained for treatment. National Fire Protection Association Section 325M Designation: ● Health: 2—Materials hazardous to health, but areas may be entered with full-faced mask self-contained breathing apparatus which provides eye protection. ● Flammability: 2—Materials which must be moderately heated before ignition will occur. Water spray may be used to extinguish the fire because the material can be cooled below its flash point. ● Reactivity: D—Materials which (in themselves) are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions and which are not reactive with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used. Reactivity ● Stability: Formaldehyde solutions may self-polymerize to form paraformaldehyde which precipitates. ● Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid): Strong oxidizing agents, caustics, strong alkalis, isocyanates, anhydrides, oxides, and inorganic acids. Formaldehyde reacts with hydrochloric acid to form the potent carcinogen, bis- chloromethyl ether. Formaldehyde reacts with nitrogen dioxide, nitromethane, perchloric acid and aniline, or peroxyformic acid to yield explosive compounds. A violent reaction occurs when formaldehyde is mixed with strong oxidizers. ● Hazardous Combustion or Decomposition Products: Oxygen from the air can oxidize formaldehyde to formic acid, especially when heated. Formic acid is corrosive.
Appendix A to § 1910.1048—Substance Technical Guidelines for Formalin The following Substance Technical Guideline for Formalin provides information on uninhibited formalin solution (37% formaldehyde, no methanol stabilizer). It is designed to inform employees at the production level of their rights and duties under the formaldehyde standard whether their job title defines them as workers or supervisors.
Much of the information provided is general; however, some information is specific for formalin. When employee exposure to formaldehyde is from resins capable of releasing formaldehyde, the resin itself and other impurities or decomposition products may also be toxic, and employers should include this information as well when informing employees of the hazards associated with the materials they handle. The precise hazards associated with exposure to formaldehyde depend on both the form (solid, liquid, or gas) of the material and the concentration of formaldehyde present. For example, 37-50% solutions of formaldehyde present a much greater hazard to the skin and eyes from spills or splashes than solutions containing less than 1% formaldehyde. Individual substance technical guidelines used by the employer for training employees should be modified to properly give information on the material actually being used. Substance Identification ● Chemical Name: Formaldehyde ● Chemical Family: Aldehyde ● Chemical Formula: HCHO ● Molecular Weight: 30.03 ● Chemical Abstracts Service Number (CAS Number): 50- 00-0 ● Synonyms: Formalin; Formic Aldehyde; Paraform; Formol; Formalin (Methanol-free); Fyde; Formalith; Methanal; Methyl Aldehyde; Methylene Glycol; Methylene Oxide; Tetraoxymethalene; Oxomethane; Oxymethylene Components and Contaminants ● Percent: 37.0 Formaldehyde ● Percent: 63.0 Water (Note: Inhibited solutions contain methanol.) ● Other Contaminants: Formic acid (alcohol free) ● Exposure Limits: Physical Data ● Description: Colorless liquid, pungent odor ● Boiling point: 214°F (101°C) ● Specific Gravity: 1.08 (H(2)O=1 at 20°C) ● pH: 2.8-4.0 ● Solubility in Water: Miscible ● Solvent Solubility: Soluble in alcohol and acetone ● Vapor Density: 1.04 (Air=1 at 20°C) ● Odor Threshold: 0.8-1 ppm ○ OSHA TWA-1 ppm ○ OSHA STEL-2 ppm
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Book Code: FIL1225
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