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OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW FOR DENTAL PROFESSIONALS, 3RD EDITION Final Examination Questions Select the best answer for each question complete your test online at EliteLearning.com/Book
157. According to the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, the percentage of adult respondents who reported fewer than 7 hours of sleep during a typical 24-hour period was: a. 18.6%. b. 27.8%. c. 35.2%. d. 46.5%. 158. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is usually caused by: a. Gastric reflux. b. Size or position of the tongue or soft palate. c. Nightmares occurring during rapid eye movement sleep. d. Central nervous system-mediated sleep center discharges. 159. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is defined as: a. An apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 5 or greater, with associated symptoms, or an AHI of 15 or greater, regardless of symptoms. b. An overall nighttime oxygen saturation index (OSI) of 4% or greater, with associated symptom, or an OSI of 12% or greater, regardless of symptoms. c. An AHI greater than 30, regardless of symptoms. d. The presence of at least three main symptoms of OSA. 160. The estimated percentage of adults 30 to 70 years of age who currently have moderate to severe sleep apnea is: a. 6% of men and 2% of women. b. 9% of men and 7% of women. c. 13% of men and 6% of women. d. 19% of men and 9% of women. 161. In both males and females, the strongest risk factor for OSA is: a. Obesity. b. Excessive tobacco and alcohol use. c. A family history of OSA. d. Stress.
162. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have shown a strong association between OSA or hypopnea and: a. Hypertension. b. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. c. Parkinson’s disease. d. Type 1 diabetes mellitus. 163. OSA appears to be an independent risk factor for which of the following diseases? c. Type 1 diabetes mellitus. d. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. 164. The incidence of depression per 1,000 person was 18% compared to 8% of individuals without OSA: a. Hypothyroidism. b. Hyperthyroidism. 165. The American Association of Sleep Medicine guidelines stress that the diagnosis of OSA starts with a sleep history that can be obtained as part of: a. A routine health maintenance evaluation. b. Specialized sleep testing. c. A recall exam with the dentist. d. A visit with a sleep specialist. 166. What is a common orofacial characteristic of a patient with OSA? a. A reduced, compressed, or shortened uvula. b. Gingival inflammatory changes in the mandibular anteriors. c. An enlarged tongue with scalloped borders. d. Moderate to severe dental attrition. a. One month after an OSA diagnosis. b. Six months after an OSA diagnosis. c. Nine months after an OSA diagnosis. d. One year after an OSA diagnosis.
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