Chapter 3: Preventing Infection and Injury in Cosmetology
Learning objectives After completing this chapter, the learner will be able to: Demonstrate techniques for sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization, applied to their specific practice, and define Standard and Universal Precautions related to cosmetology.
The student will be able to identify when to disinfect, sanitize, sterilize, or dispose of facial and skincare tools and equipment. The student will define the Standard and Universal Precaution procedures and know when and how they apply to safe practice
COMMON INJURIES IN TANNING FACILITIES
Tanning rooms and equipment must be cleaned and disinfected after each client using approved disinfectants following the manufacturer’s recommendations. Do not use products with ammonia or alcohol that may harm acrylic surfaces on the tanning bed and leave residue that may be toxic if inhaled. Use a checklist to track cleaning times and serve as a reminder to staff. Inspect the equipment frequently to be sure timers, bulbs, and all components are working properly. Keep track of tanning session times at the front desk to protect clients in case the equipment timer fails. Inspection times and notes should be recorded by staff. Perform deep cleaning and maintenance according to the manufacturer’s instructions and include this information of on a checklist to alert owner/staff when these procedures are due. Ensure that clients use the safety equipment that is required and provided free of charge.
Consumers must be aware of the potential risk of skin cancer that may occur with prolonged use of artificial tanning equipment. Tanning salons and equipment manufacturers should provide information that warns consumers of possible risks following Chapter 4317-19 rules (OCBB,2022). The use of tanning beds may also lead to other injuries that can be avoided through sanitation and safety procedures that are the responsibility of the facility owner and staff. ● Eye injuries may result if protective goggles are not used properly or are defective. ● Infections may occur if tanning rooms, and equipment are not properly disinfected. ● Burns and other heat related injuries occur if bulbs and timers are defective. Bulbs must remain at the proper temperature to avoid burns.
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
Cosmetology practice in hair and nail salons involves the use chemicals. It is important to identify the proper chemical, apply them appropriately, and determining any sensitivity clients may OAC, Chapter 4713 Definitions (OCBB, 2019) (I) "Chemical treatment" means any product or procedure, including the preparation and/or application of the product that alters or changes the molecular structure of the hair, skin, or nails through the chemical treatments. Chemical treatments may include, but are not limited to the following: (1) Permanent waving and soft permanent waving.
have to products prior to application. The OAC definitions outline chemical treatment.
(2) Chemical straightening. (3) Hair coloring and bleaching (semi-permanent and permanent). (4) Applying chemical skin peel products. (5) Applying depilatory products; and (6) Applying lash and brow tinting products.
Formaldehyde in hair products: OSHA warnings and prevention strategies (OSHA, n.d.) OSHA found that some hair smoothing products may contain formaldehyde, may release formaldehyde at levels above OSHA's permissible limits during use, and may be mislabeled, all of which can pose health risks to salon workers. Salons and other employers, such as beauty schools, that use hair smoothing
TWA or the STEL and post all entrances and access ways with signs bearing the following legend: DANGER FORMALDEHYDE MAY CAUSE CANCER, CAUSES SKIN, EYE, AND RESPIRATORY IRRITATION AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY
products that contain or may release formaldehyde must follow the requirements in OSHA’s formaldehyde and hazard communication standards. The standard includes the following warning (OSHA, 2013): 1910.1048(e)(1)(i) The employer shall establish regulated areas where the concentration of airborne formaldehyde exceeds either the Health risks of formaldehyde The following information is provided by OSHA (n.d.): I n June 2011, the Cosmetic Ingredient Review's Expert Panel revised its Tentative Amended Safety Assessment for formaldehyde and methylene glycol. The revised assessment states, in part, that "formaldehyde and methylene glycol are unsafe for use in hair smoothing products, the use of which involves application of high temperatures."
The entire formaldehyde standard can be viewed at https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/ standardnumber/1910/1910.1048
If you work with hair products that contain formaldehyde, you can be exposed to the chemical by: ● Breathing it in through your nose and mouth. ● Getting it on your skin. ● Getting it in your eyes or mouth.
Book Code: COH0325A
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