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The Aging Patient with Dementia: Using an Interdisciplinary Team Approach: Summary 43
Three Models of Disability and Rehabilitation Medical Model • Focus on impairment and "curing" the patient • Commonly used in acute care settings • Health professional determines the services Social Model • Focus is on a disabling or non-inclusive society • Focus of intervention is on the interaction between the person and society and the reduction of barriers • Client determines services • Used in residential care facilities Rehabilitation Model • Focus on functional abilities in daily activities • Combines professional expertise with client input • Includes environmental modifications and adaptive devices Family Involvement Techniques in family counseling include: • Allowing the client and family to tell their story • Enlisting the family as collaborators • Actively involving the family in testing and goal-making procedures when possible • Empowering the family • Listening and responding to the effect of the family
INTRODUCTION
TEAM APPROACHES
Interdisciplinary Team (IDT) • Synthesized approach integrating knowledge from all disciplines • Members learn from each other for a "big picture" perspective • Promotes shared purpose and improved quality of life • Results in decreased rehospitalization rates and excess disability Barriers to IDTs and Interprofessional practice include coordination of time, harmonization of curricula, turnover of team members, buy-in from all team members and reimbursement for time under traditional payment models. Multidisciplinary Team (MDT): • Team members rely solely on their discipline's knowledge • Members work independently on their specific parts Models of Disability and Rehabilitation Excess disability is defined as the disability we place on residents by providing too much care when they may be able to complete parts or entire tasks themselves. This leads to an increased caregiver burden.
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