Table 1: Opiods Generic Name Brand Names
Street Names • Miss Emma • Dreamer • Monkey • White stuff
Common Forms • Tablet • Liquid • Capsule • Suppository
Common Ways Taken
Morphine
• Duramorph • MS Contin
• First line • Joy Juice • Unkie • Mister Blue
• Injected • Swallowed • Smoked
Oxycodone
• OxyContin • Percodan • Percocet • OxyFast • Roxicodone
• 30’s • 40’s • 512s • Oxy • Beans • Blues
• Buttons • Cotton • Kickers • Killers • Percs • Roxy
• Capsule • Liquid • Tablet
• Swallowed • Snorted • Injected
Oxymorphone
• Opana
• Biscuits • Blue heaven • Blues • Mrs. O
• Bomb • Octagons • Stop signs
• Tablet
• Swallowed • Snorted • Injected
Note. NIDA, 2020n.
central nervous system depression and other life-threatening signs (NIDA, 2020m; 2020n). (Box 15) Box 15: Clinical Signs of Abuse or Overdose Short-Term Long-Term • Feelings of euphoria • Pain relief • Drowsiness • Nausea • Constipation • Respiratory depression • Central nervous system depression • Loss of consciousness • Cardiac dysrhythmias • Death Healthcare Considerations: Healthcare workers should carefully monitor individuals trying to suddenly withdraw from chronic opioid drug use for restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes with shivering, and leg movements (NIDA, 2020m; 2020n).
Healthcare Considerations: Older adults are at a higher risk for unintentional misuse or abuse because many have multiple prescriptions. This increases the risk of drug-to- drug interactions. In addition, a large percentage of older adults use over-the-counter medications or dietary and herbal supplements, which could compound adverse health consequences. When assessing a patient, it is imperative that a healthcare professional ask what dietary and herbal supplements as well as over-the-counter medications an individual is using at home. Opioids can be life-threatening in an overdose. The threat is enhanced when the opioids are taken with alcohol or with central nervous system depressants. Because the drugs may slightly delay the feelings the users are wanting, they often take additional substances with the hopes of enhancing the feelings of euphoria. If the dosage and mixture of systems is significant, the individual may slip into a drug overdose situation with
Benzodiazepines and barbiturates: Central nervous system depressants Benzodiazepines depress the central nervous system (CNS). Millions in the United States use benzodiazepines to treat anxiety and sleep disorders, including insomnia. Barbiturates
are commonly used for anesthesia and are prescribed to treat seizures and occasional insomnia or anxiety (NIDA, 2020m). (Table 2)
Table 2: Central Nervous System Depressants Generic Name Brand Names
Street Names
Common Forms Common Ways Taken
Benzodiazepines alprazolam
Xanax
• Benzos • Downers • Poles • Totem Z-Bars
• Vs • Yellow/Blue Zs • Tranks • Zannies
• Tablet • Capsule • Liquid
• Swallowed • Snorted
chlordiazepoxide Librium diazepam Valium lorazepam Ativan triazolam Halcion
Barbiturates pentobarbital
Nembutal
• Barbs • Dolls
• Bluebirds • Tooties • Yellow jackets • Yellows
• Tablet • Capsule • Liquid
• Swallowed • Injected
phenobarbital
Luminal
• Phennies • Red birds
Page 42
Book Code: RPTTX2024
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