Chapter 5: Recognizing and Responding to Human Trafficking in Texas (Mandatory) 1 Contact Hour
By: John Makopoulos, MD and Dawn Demangone-Yoon, MD Author Disclosure : Katie Ingersoll and Colibri Healthcare, LLC do not have any actual or potential conflicts of interest in relation to this lesson. Universal Activity Number (UAN) : 0607-0000-22-044-H99-P Activity Type : Knowledge-based Target Audience: Pharmacists in a community-based setting. To Obtain Credit: A minimum test score of 75 percent is need- ed to obtain a credit. Please submit your answers online at EliteLearning.com/Book Initial Release Date : October 20, 2022 Expiration Date : September 29, 2024 Questions regarding statements of credit and other customer ser- vice issues should be directed to 1-888-666-9053. This lesson is $11.95. Learning objectives After completing this course, the learner will be able to: Describe the types and venues of human trafficking in the United States. Discuss communication strategies to assist with identification of trafficked persons. Course overview Human trafficking has been called a form of modern-day slav- ery. 1,2 It is a crime involving the exploitation of someone for the purpose of compelled labor or a commercial sex act through the use of force, fraud, or coercion. 1 Victims can be women or men, adults or children, citizens or noncitizens and occurs across the United States and throughout the world. Human trafficking does not require crossing of international or state borders.
Colibri Healthcare, LLC is accredited by the Accredi- tation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) as a provider of continuing pharmacy education. Partici- pants of the session who complete the evaluation and provide accurate NABP e-Profile information will have their credit for 1 contact hour (0.1 CEU) submit-
ted to CPE Monitor as early as within 10 business days after course completion and no later than 60 days after the event. Please know that if accurate e-Profile information is not provided within 60 days of the event, credit cannot be claimed after that time. The participant is accountable for verifying the accurate posting of CE credit to their CPE Monitor account within 60 days.
Discuss the importance of safety planning and protocols. Identify resources for reporting suspected victims of human trafficking.
For clinicians and health care workers, human trafficking can be viewed as a serious health risk associated with significant physical and psychological harms. 3 The abuses suffered by people who are trafficked include many forms of physical violence or abuse (e.g., beating, burning, rape, confinement) as well as many psychologi - cally damaging tactics such as threats to themselves or their fam- ily members, blackmail, extortion, lies about the person’s rights, and confiscation of vital identity documents. 3
INTRODUCTION
What Is human trafficking? Human trafficking is defined as:
areas. Many victims are lured with false promises of well-paying jobs or manipulated by people they trust. 1 They are forced or coerced into prostitution, domestic servitude, or other types of forced labor (e.g., agriculture, construction, fisheries, mining in - dustries). Victims can be found in legitimate and illegitimate labor industries, including sweatshops, massage parlors, agriculture, restaurants, hotels, street peddling, door to door sales, begging, and domestic service. 1 Although anyone can be at risk for being a victim of human traf- ficking, most are women and girls. 7 Risk factors for being vulner- able to human trafficking include: 8 ● Extreme poverty. ● Minimal education. ● A history of abuse or family instability. ● Being disabled. ● Belonging to a marginalized or stigmatized gender, ethnic, or cultural group. Traffickers use various techniques to control their victims and keep them enslaved. Some traffickers hold their victims under lock and key. More frequently, however, more subtle techniques are used such as: 9 ● Isolation from: ○ The public by limiting contact with outsiders and making sure that any contact is monitored or superficial in nature.
“The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.” 4 The phrase “human smuggling” is often confused with “human trafficking” but they are two quite different crimes. Human smug - gling involves the provision of a service—typically transportation or fraudulent documents—to an individual who voluntarily seeks illegal entry into a foreign country. 5 Also sometimes confused is the difference between sex trafficking and consensual commercial sex (sex work). Sex trafficking is when an adult takes part in the sale of sex through threat, abduction, or other means of coercion, whereas sex work involves the willing and consensual exchange of money for sex and does not infringe on the human rights of the participants. 6 ( Note : Children cannot technically be prostitutes or sex workers because they cannot legally consent to commercial sex.) Many victims of human trafficking are forced to engage in sexual practices through threats or other types of coercion, but traffick - ing also occurs as labor exploitation in urban, suburban, and rural
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