Knowledge of dental anatomy can also make mounting simpler. One can recognize that mandibular incisors look different from maxillary incisors. Certain landmarks, such as the sinuses, can help differentiate maxillary films from mandibular films. The curve of the posterior mandible or the bulbousness of a maxillary tuberosity may also help indicate where the film should be mounted. In most states, the dentist owns the physical record of the patient and is its legal guardian of the chart and its entire Conclusion Advancements in intraoral and extraoral radiography are enhancing diagnostic accuracy and, at the same time, reducing patient exposure to radiation. Technologies such as high-speed film, higher-speed digital receptors, and rare-earth coatings on intensifying screens continue to evolve and strengthen the practitioner’s ability to provide critical diagnostic services. Some patients face physical and psychological obstacles when undergoing diagnostic procedures and when receiving intraoral care, in particular coping with a gag reflex; however, new and American Dental Association. Ownership of Dental Records and Radiographs. 2021. The American Dental Association. https://www.ada.org/resources/practice/practice- management/ownership-of-dental-records-and-radiographs Bhatti Umair Dastgir, Nehra Arreeba Raisat, ariq Arooj, Rafique Imrah and Shaikh Gul Muhammad Gul. Common Radiographic Errors in Dentistry. ACTA Scientific Dental Sciences. Volume 4. Issue 3. March 2020. https://actascientific.com/ASDS-4-3.php Chopra Latika Bachani, Lingappa Ashok, Singh Monika and Anshul. Mandibular Fractures and their Radiographic Diagnosis. ACTA Scientific Dental Sciences. July 2020. Volume 4. Issue 7. https://actascientific.com>pdf>ASDS-04-0878 Eachempati Prashanti, Nagari Sumanth Kumbargere, Krishanappa Salian Kiran, et.al. Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Nov; 2019(11): CD011116. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011116.pub3 Frommer, H. H., & Stabulas-Savage, J. J. (2011). Radiology for the dental professional (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Goel A and Jones J. Intensifying Screen Reference Article. Radiopaedia.org. Septmeber 20, 2021. https://radiopaedia.org References Gupta Rubina, bharat Arjun and Dhiman Umesh. Gagging: Revisited. Journal of Oral Care and Dentistry.Voulme 1. Issue 1. 2018. https://escientificpublishers.com/assets/data1/ images/JOCD-01-0002.pdf Hashim Raghad, Shaltoni Reem, Kamal Luma and Khanfar Faten. The role of acupuncture in the treatment of prosthodontic patients with a gagging reflex. European Journal of General Dentistry. 2017;6:18-21. https://www.thieme-connect.com>2278-9626.198602.pdf Hong Bosun. Discovery from a lateral oblique radiograph. © 2016 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. https://casereports.bmj.com/content/2016/bcr-2015-213621 Huff Kevin. An Overview of Radiographic Technologies in General Dentistry. Spear Education. May 3, 2017. https://www.speareducation.net/spear-review/2017/05/an- overview-of-radiographic-technologies-in-general-dentistry Issrani, Rakhi. Intraoral X-Ray Films-A Walk Through History. Research and Reviews: Journal of Dental Sciences. January 28, 2017. https://www.rroij.com/open-access/intraoral-xray- films-a-walk-through-history-.php?aid=85605
contents, inclusive of the radiographs (American Dental Association, 2021). The patient merely owns the information on that record. The dentist may take dual-film radiographs for emergencies or when a referral is necessary. Alternatively, intraoral films may be duplicated using a duplicating box as previously described. Some types of green-sensitive extraoral films can be double-loaded in cassettes without increasing patient exposure or the need to duplicate. effective approaches promise significant improvements in the areas of patient anxiety and discomfort. Firmly established procedures, such as rectangular collimation and digital radiography, cut patient radiation exposure dramatically. Film positioning devices and long-head tube paralleling techniques have made intraoral radiographic techniques easier and safer as conventional and digital radiology continue to play an important role in dental practice. Lintag Kimberly, Bruhn Ann M, Tolle Susan Lynn and Diawara Norou. Radiation Safety Practices of Dental Hygienists in the United States. The Journal of Dental Hygiene. Vol, 93. No. 4. August 2019. https://jdh.adha.org/content/93/4/14 Monnin Beth. Avoiding Errors in Digital Radiography. Dimensions of Dental Hygiene. August 26, 2021. https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/article/avoiding-errors-in-digital- radiography/ Murphy Andrew. Skull (Submentovertex view). Reference article, Radiopaedia.org May 13, 2020. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/skull-submentovertex-view?lang=US Ostrander Sarah O. Take it Right the First time. RDH Magazine. August 1, 2018. https:// www.rdhmag.com/patient-care/article/16408259/take-it-right-the-first-time Saha Saikat. Fracture of the Zygomatic Complex and Orbit-Maxfac Tutorial. Word Press. May 15, 2016. https://maxfactutorial.wordpress.com/2016/05/15/fractures-of-zygomatic- complex-and-orbit/ Shetty Avdeesh, Almeida Fabiana T, Ganatra Seema, Senior, Anthea and Pacheco-Pereira Camila. Evidence on radiation dose reduction using rectangular collimation: a systematic review. International Dental Journal 2019:69:84-97. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ epdf/10.1111/idj.12411 Steinberg Justin. Rectangular Collimation Reduces Radiation Exposure in Dentistry. Dentistry Today . July 12, 2018. https://www.dentistrytoday.com/rectangular-collimation-reduces- radiation-exposure-in-dentistry/ United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dental Radiography: Doses and Film Speed. 2017. https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/nationwide-evaluation-x-ray- trendsnext/dental-radiography-doses-and-film-speed Vavrosky Kara. Ask Kara RDH: Holding X-ray Sensor While Exposing Radiographs. Today’s RDH. August 18. 2020. www.todaysrdf.com/ask-kara-rdh-holding-x-ray-sensor-while- exposing-radiographs Yildirim Derya, Gormez Ozlem, Bozdemir Esin, et. al. Imaging Characteristics of Stafne Bone Cavity: Pictorial Essay. Iran J Radiol. 2017 April; 14(2):e40701. https://sites.kowsarpub.com/ iranradiol/articles/18128.html
RADIATION: A REVIEW OF RADIOGRAPHIC AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES FOR DENTAL X-RAYS, 3RD EDITION Final Examination Questions Select the best answer for each question and mark your answers on the Final Examination Answer Sheet found on page 170, or complete your test online at EliteLearning.com/Book 1. Intraoral x-ray film has a lead foil sheet behind it to:
4. For the submentovertex projections, the: a. Ala-tragus line is parallel to the floor. b. Beam is directed upward from an angle below the mandible. c. Beam is projected perpendicular to the film cassette. d. Left ear is positioned against the film cassette. 5. A common projection used to view the mandible is the: a. Waters’ projection. b. Inverse bevel. c. Lateral oblique. d. Reverse-Towne. 6. When a direct digital receptor is irradiated, it: a. Fluoresces with blue or green light. b. Sends image data directly to a computer. c. Creates a latent invisible image in the receptor. d. Records data using photostimulable phosphors.
a. Prevent the film from bending in the patient’s mouth. b. Decrease the chance of film fog from secondary radiation. c. Keep the film from being overexposed. d. Prevent ambient light from fogging the film. 2. Panoramic x-rays require the use of markers to identify the: a. Age of the patient. b. millimeter gridding pattern for bone level height. c. Patient’s ala-tragus line. d. Right or left side of the patient’s face. 3. For lateral cephalometric projections, the patient’s: a. Left ear is positioned near the film cassette. b. Nose is touching the film. c. Chin is touching the film cassette. d. Left ear is positioned at a 15° angle away from the film cassette.
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