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● Review of Immunizations: ○ COVID-19: One to two injections of an approved vaccination are needed to be “fully vaccinated,” plus at least two booster injections or one injection of the bivalent vaccine. ○ Influenza: The woman should be encouraged to have this immunization every year. ○ Pneumonia: Since she is not yet age 65, she should discuss the available pneumococcal vaccines with her provider and, using shared decision making, decide if she has certain conditions or risk factors that suggest she should receive the vaccine prior to age 65. ○ Zoster/shingles vaccine: If she has not yet received the Shingrix vaccine, the woman should receive the first dose, followed by a second dose two to six months later to prevent shingles. ○ Tetanus: If she has never received a Tdap vaccine, she should get this immunization to protect against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. If she received it at some point (likely as an adolescent), she should receive a Td or Tdap booster vaccine if she has not had one within the past 10 years.
• American Cancer Society (ACS). (2020d). Colorectal cancer rates higher in African Americans, rising in younger people. https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/colorectal-cancer-rates- higher-in-african-americans-rising-in-younger- people. html#:~:text=African%20Americans%20are%20about%20 20,are%20related%20to%20socioeconomic%20status • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2020e). Colorectal cancer screening tests. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon- rectal-cancer/detection- diagnosis-staging/screening-tests- used.html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2022). American Cancer Society recommendations for the early detection of breast cancer. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/ screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society- recommendations-for-the-early- detection-of-breast-cancer. html • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2018). ACOG Committee Opinion no. 755: Well-woman visit. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 132 (4), e181-e186. https://journals. lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/2018/10000/ACOG_Committee_ Opinion_No 755 Well_Woman_Visit.61.aspx • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2020). The utility and indications for routine pelvic examination. Committee Opinion #754. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical- guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2018/10/the-utility-of-and- indications-for-routine- pelvic-examination • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2021). Updated cervical cancer screening guidelines . https://www. acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2021/04/ updated-cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines • American College of Physicians. (2014). Screening pelvic examination in adult women: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. http:// annals.org/aim/ fullarticle/1884537/screening- pelvic-examination-adult-women- clinical- practice-guideline- from-american • American Diabetes Association. (2022). Diabetes overview. https:// www.diabetes.org/diabetes • American Heart Association (AHA). (2019). Heart-health screenings. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what- is- cardiovascular-disease/heart-health-screenings • American Health Association (AHA). (2021). Older women, younger men more likely to have uncontrolled blood pressure. https:// newsroom.heart.org/news/older-women-younger-men-more-likely- to-have-uncontrolled-blood-pressure • American Heart Association (AHA). (2022). Understanding blood pressure readings. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/high- blood- pressure/understanding-blood-pressure-readings • American Optometric Association. (2022). Adult vision: 41–60 years of age, and senior vision: Over 6 years of age. https://www.aoa.org/ healthy-eyes/eye-health-for-life/senior-vision?sso=y • American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS). (2019). Screening asymptomatic persons with no prior history of colorectal cancer or adenomas. https://fascrs.org/healthcare-providers/ education/clinical-practice-guidelines/colorectal-cancer-screening- and- surveillance-recom • Chung, S., Romanelli, R. J., Stults, C. D., & Luft, H. S. (2018, October). Preventive visit among older adults with Medicare’s introduction of annual wellness visit: Closing gaps in underutilization. Preventive Medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.
Conclusion Women can be confused by the many types of screenings that are performed to aid in the prevention and treatment of disease, especially considering the number of conflicting recommendations. Furthermore, what’s important to one pa- tient might not be important to another. Keeping current on recommendations and guidelines is an important role for the nurse to appropriately counsel pa- tients and recommend timely follow-up when needed. Working together with the patient, using shared decision-making strategies, the nurse can help the patient come up with a plan that is right for her. References • AACC Lab Tests Online. (2022). Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP). https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/ cmp/tab/glance/ • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2019a). Bladder cancer. https://www.cancer.org/ cancer/bladder-cancer.html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2019b). Can melanoma skin cancer be prevented? https://www.cancer.org/cancer/ melanoma-skin- cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention. html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2019c). Lung cancer prevention and early detection . https://www.cancer.org/ cancer/lung- cancer/prevention-and-early-detection.html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2019d). Signs and symptoms of endometrial cancer. https://www.cancer.org/ cancer/endometrial- cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/ signs-and-symptoms.html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2019e). Signs and symptoms of lung cancer. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/ lung-cancer/detection- diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms. html • American Cancer Society (ACS). (2020c). Can ovarian cancer be found early? https://www.cancer.org/cancer/ovarian- cancer/detection- diagnosis-staging/detection.html
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