263 Nursing Assessment, Management and Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases
ANSWER KEY AND RATIONALES
QUESTION 1: B . Rationale: An estimated four percent of the world’s population is affected by one of more than 80 different autoimmune diseases. In the United States, autoimmune diseases are the third most common cause of chronic illness. QUESTION 2: D. Rationale: There are various grains and starches allowed on a gluten-free diet. These include buckwheat. QUESTION 3: B. Rationale: Ileocolitis is the most common type of Crohn’s disease. It affects the terminal ileum and the colon. QUESTION 4: A. Rationale: The A1C is a blood test that reports average blood glucose levels for the past 2 to 3 months. However, certain conditions such as pregnancy or having a hemoglobin variant may interfere with the accuracy of the A1C test. QUESTION 5: C. Rationale: Hydroxychloroquine is antimalarial drug that has been prescribed to help keep lupus-related skin and joint disease under control. It has also been found to be effective in the treatment of fatigue and mouth sores.
QUESTION 6: A. Rationale: Mitoxantrone is a
chemotherapeutic drug that is used for patients experiencing worsening forms of relapsing MS and secondary progressive MS. It is given intravenously every 3 months. The potential for toxicity is high, so patients may receive a limited number of doses throughout the lifespan. Mitoxantrone is associated with cardiotoxicity. QUESTION 7: B. Rationale: Over-the-counter and prescription formats such as shampoo, cream, and oil, unfortunately, can cause skin irritation, stain clothing and bedding, and have a strong odor. Coal tar is contraindicated for pregnant women and for those who are breastfeeding. QUESTION 8: C. Rationale: Women are diagnosed with RA more frequently than men. Tobacco use is associated with a significant increase in risk for the development of RA. QUESTION 9: D. Rationale: Limited scleroderma affects about 50% of persons who have scleroderma. It progresses more slowly and is a more benign illness than diffuse scleroderma. Internal issues may evolve, but they are typically less frequent and less severe compared to diffuse scleroderma. QUESTION 10: D. Rationale: Corticosteroids can be used in oral or topical forms to promote repigmentation. It may take up to 3 months to show results.
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