137 Evidence Based Implicit Bias Implications for Physicians and Healthcare Professionals
References • Balas, B., Westerlund, A., Hung, K., & Nelson III, C. A. (2011). Shape, color and the other-race effect in the infant brain. Developmental Science , 14(4), 892-900.10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01039.x • Ben-Zeev, A., Dennehy, T. C., Goodrich, R. I., Kolarik, B. S., & Geisler, M. W. (2014). When an “Educated” Black Man Becomes Lighter in the Mind’s Eye. SAGE Open , 4(1), 215824401351677.0.11 77/2158244013516770 • Blake, J. J., Keith, V. M., Luo, W., Le, H., & Salter, P. (2017). The role of colorism in explaining African American females’ suspension risk. School Psychology Quarterly , 32(1), 118-130. 10.1037/spq0000173 • Branigan, A. R., Freese, J., Sidney, S., & Kiefe, C. I. (2019). The Shifting Salience of Skin Color for Educational Attainment. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World , 5, 237802311988982. 10.1177/2378023119889829 • California Legislative Information. (2021). Bill Text - AB-241 Implicit bias: continuing education: requirements. https://leginfo.legislature. ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml? bill_id=201920200AB241 • Chin, M. H., Clarke, A. R., Nocon, R. S . , Casey, A. A., Goddu, A. P., Keesecker, N. M., & Cook, S. C. (2012). A Roadmap and Best Practices for Organizations to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 27 ,992–1000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-012-2082-9 • Cohen, A. S. (2021). Harvard’s Eugenics Era. Harvard Magazine. https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2016/03/harvards-eugenics-era • Cooper, L. A., Roter, D. L., Carson, K. A., Beach, M. C., Sabin, J. A., Greenwald, A. G., & Inui, T. S. (2012). The Associations of Clinicians’ Implicit Attitudes About Race With Medical Visit Communication and Patient Ratings of Interpersonal Care. American Journal of Public Health , 102(5), 979-987. 10.2105/ajph.2011.300558 • Cuevas, A. G., O’Brien, K., & Saha, S. (2019). Can patient-centered communication reduce the effects of medical mistrust on patients’ decision making? Health Psychology , 38(4), 325-333. 10.1037/ hea0000721 • DeAngelis, T. (2019). How does implicit bias by physicians affect patients’ health care? American Psychological Association. https:// www.apa.org/monitor/2019/03/ce- corner. Published March 2019 • Di Brito, S. R., Lopez, C. M., Jones, C., & Mathur, A. (2019). Reducing Implicit Bias: Association of Women Surgeons #HeForShe Task Force Best Practice Recommendations. Journal of the American College of Surgeons , 228(3), 303-309. 10.1016/j. jamcollsurg.2018.12.011 • Dimuro, G. (2018). Southerners Actually Thought Slaves Escaping Was A Sign Of Mental Illness. All That’s Interesting . https:// allthatsinteresting.com/drapetomania • Edgoose, J., Quiogue, M., & Sidhar, K. (2019). How to Identify, Understand, and Unlearn Implicit Bias in Patient Care. Family Practice Management, 26(4), 29-33. https://www.aafp.org/ fpm/2019/0700/p29.html • Eight tactics to identify and reduce your implicit biases. (2020). The Journal of Medical Practice Management: MPM , 35(5), 237. https://login.proxy.lib.duke.edu/login? url=https://www.proquest. com/scholarly-journals/eight-tactics-identify-reduce-your- implicit/ docview/2504870922/se-2?accountid=10598 • Erickson, J. H. & Pearson J. (2021). Excluding Whom? Race, Gender, and Suspension in High School. Education and Urban Society, 0013 12452110275.0.1177/00131245211027510 • FitzGerald, C. & Hurst, S. (2017). Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review. BMC Medical Ethics , 1. 10.1186/ s12910-017-0179-8 • Franklin, J. H. & Higginbotham, E.B. (2011). From Slavery to Freedom: A History of African Americans. McGraw-Hill/Connect Learn Succeed. • Gilder Lerhman Institute of American History. (2021). Historical Context: Facts about the Slave Trade and Slavery. https://www. gilderlehrman.org/history- resources/teaching-resource/historical- context-facts-about-slave-trade-and-slavery • Gilliam, W., Maupin, A., Reyes, C., Accavitti, M., & Shic, F. (2016). Do Early Educators’ Implicit Biases Regarding Sex and Race Relate to Behavior Expectations and Recommendations of Preschool Expulsions and Suspensions ? Yale Child Study Center. • Grant, C. (2020). What Is Colorism? Verywell Mind. https://www. verywellmind.com/what-is-colorism-5077380 • Hagiwara, N., Slactcher, R. B., Eggly, S., & Penner, L. A. (2016). Physician Racial Bias and Word Use during Racially Discordant Medical Interactions. Health Communication, 32(4), 401-408. 10.1080/10410236.2016.1138389 • HHS.gov. (2021a). Strategic Goal 1: Protect and Strengthen Equitable Access to High Quality and Affordable Healthcare. https:// www.hhs.gov/about/draft-strategic-plan/goal- 1/index.html • HHS.gov. (2021b). Strategic Goal 1.3. Expand equitable access to comprehensive, community-based, innovative, and culturally- competent healthcare services while addressing social determinants of health. https://www.hhs.gov/about/draft-strategic- plan/goal-1/ objective-1-3/index.html • Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R., & Oliver, M. N. (2016). Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 113(16), 4296- 4301. 10.1073/pnas.1516047113 • IHI Multimedia Team. (2019). How to Reduce Implicit Bias. http://
www.ihi.org/communities/blogs/how-to-reduce-implicit-bias • Johnson, J. D., Asiodu, I. V., McKenzie, C. P., Tucker, C., Tullly, K. P., Bryant, K., Verbiest, S., & Stuebe, A. M. (2019). Racial and Ethnic Inequities in Postpartum Pain Evaluation and Management. Obstetrics and gynecology .10.1097/AOG.0000000000003505. • Johnson, T. J., Hickey, R. W., Switzer, G. E., Miller, E., Winger, D. G., Nguyen, M., Saladino, R. A., & Hausmann, L. R. M. (2016). The Impact of Cognitive Stressors in the Emergency Department on Physician Implicit Racial Bias. Academic Emergency Medicine , 23(3), 297-305. 10.1111/acem.12901 • Lee, K., Quinn, P. C., & Pascalis, O. (2017). Face Race Processing and Racial Bias in Early Development: A Perceptual-Social Linkage. Current Directions in Psychological Science , 26(3), 256-262. 10.1177/0963721417690276 • Louie, P. & Wilkes, R. (2018). Representations of race and skin tone in medical textbook imagery. Social Science & Medicine , 202, 38- 42.10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.023 • MacNell, L., Driscoll, A., & Hunt, A. N. (2014). What’s in a Name: Exposing Gender Bias in Student Ratings of Teaching. Innovative Higher Education , 4, 291-303.10.1007/s10755-014-9313-4 • Medical News Today. (2021). Phrenology: What is it, and how did it contribute to neuroscience? https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/ articles/phrenology-the- pseudoscience-of-skull-shapes • Mende-Siedlecki, P., Qu-Lee, J., Backer, R., & Van Bavel, J. J. (2019). Perceptual contributions to racial bias in pain recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 148(5), 863-889. 10.1037/ xge0000600 • Mitchell, K. M. W. & Martin, J. (2018). Gender Bias in Student Evaluations. PS: Political Science & Politics , 51(03), 648-652. 10.1017/s104909651800001x • Narayan, M. C. (2019). Addressing Implicit Bias in Nursing: A Review. AJN, American Journal of Nursing , 119(7), 36-43. 10.1097/01. naj.0000569340.27659.5a • O’Connell, H. A., Bratter, J. L., & Casarez, R. S. (2020). One drop on the move: historical legal context, racial classification, and migration. Ethnic and Racial Studies , 1-20. 10.1080/01419870.2020.1761554 • Pirchio, S., Passiatore, Y., Panno, A., Maricchiolo, F., & Carrus, G. (2018). A Chip Off the Old Block: Parents’ Subtle Ethnic Prejudice Predicts Children’s Implicit Prejudice. Frontiers in Psychology , 9. 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00110 • Roeder, A. (2018). America is Failing its Black Mothers. Harvard Public Health Magazine . https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/magazine/ magazine_article/america-is- failing-its-black-mothers/ • Salam, M. (2018). For Serena Williams, Childbirth Was a Harrowing Ordeal. She’s Not Alone. The New York Times . https://www.nytimes. com/2018/01/11/sports/tennis/serena-williams-baby-vogue.html • Saluja, B. & Bryant, Z. (2020). How Implicit Bias Contributes to Racial Disparities in Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in the United States. Journal of Women’s Health , 30(2). 10.1089/jwh.2020.8874 • Schulman, K. A., Berlin, J. A., Harless, W., Kerner, J. F., Sistrunk, S., Gersh, B. J., Dube, R., Taleghani, C. K., Burke, J. E., Williams, S., Eisenberg, J. M., & Escarce, J.J. (1999). The Effect of Race and Sex on Physicians’ Recommendations for Cardiac Catheterization. New England Journal of Medicine , 340(14), 1130-1130.10.1056/ nejm199904083401424 • Skibba, R. (2019). The Disturbing Resilience of Scientific Racism. Smithsonian. Smithsonian Magazine . https://www. smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/disturbing- resilience-scientific- racism-180972243/ • Smedley, B. D., Stith, A. Y., & Nelson, A. R. (eds.). (2003). Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care . National Academies Press (US). • Williams, A. & Steele, J. R. (2017). Examining Children’s Implicit Racial Attitudes Using Exemplar and Category‐Based Measures. Child Development , 90(3).10.1111/cdev.12991 • Wilson, B. N., Murase, J. E., Sliwka, D., & Botto, N. (2021). Bridging racial differences in the clinical encounter: How implicit bias and stereotype threat contribute to health care disparities in the dermatology clinic. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology . January 2021. 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.12.013 • Zheng, Y. & Samuel, A. G. (2017). Does seeing an Asian face make speech sound more accented? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics , 79(6), 1841-1859.10.3758/s13414-017-1329-2
Powered by FlippingBook