Alcohol and Alcohol Use Disorder _ _____________________________________________________________
If there is a positive response to any of these questions: • Ask if this occurred during the past year. A patient may be at risk for alcohol-related problems if: • Alcohol consumption is: Men:
2. How many drinks containing alcohol do you have on a typical day when you are drinking? 0 1 or 2 1 3 or 4 2 5 or 6 3 7 or 8 4 10 or more 3. How often do you have 6 or more drinks on one occasion? 0 Never 1 Less than monthly 2 Monthly 3 Weekly 4 Daily or almost daily 4. How often during the past year have you found that you were not able to stop drinking once you had started? 0 Never 1 Less than monthly 2 Monthly 3 Weekly 4 Daily or almost daily 5. How often during the past year have you failed to do what was normally expected from you because of drinking? 0 Never 1 Less than monthly 2 Monthly 3 Weekly 4 Daily or almost daily 6. How often during the past year have you needed a first drink in the morning to get yourself going after a heavy drinking session? 0 Never 1 Less than monthly 2 Monthly 3 Weekly 4 Daily or almost daily 7. How often during the past year have you had a feeling of guilt or remorse after drinking? 0 Never 1 Less than monthly 2 Monthly 3 Weekly 4 Daily or almost daily
>14 drinks per week or >4 drinks per occasion
Women:
>7 drinks per week or >3 drinks per occasion
Or • One or more positive responses to the CAGE that have occurred in the past year When is screening for alcohol problems appropriate? • As part of a routine health examination • Before prescribing a medication that interacts with alcohol • In response to presenting problems that may be alcohol related One “yes” response to the CAGE questionnaire suggests an alcohol use problem. More than one “yes” is a strong indication that a problem exists [267; 268]. AUDIT Questionnaire If a patient is CAGE positive, or if clinical suspicion remains high, the AUDIT questionnaire may be administered and can be extremely useful in detecting alcohol problems [269]. The AUDIT was developed by the WHO to identify persons whose alcohol consumption has become problematic to their health [270]. Research has shown that the AUDIT may be especially useful when screening women and minorities and has shown promise when tested in adolescents and young adults [271]. The AUDIT consists of 10 screening questions with three questions about the frequency and amount of drinking, three about dependence, and four questions about problems caused by alcohol [263; 266; 272]. 1. How often do you have a drink containing alcohol? 0 Never 1 Monthly or less
2 2 to 4 times a month 3 2 to 3 times a week 4 4 or more times a week
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MDMI1826
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