PHARMACOLOGY FOR THERAPISTS: COMMON GASTROINTESTINAL AND PAIN CONDITIONS Final Examination Questions Select the best answer for each question and mark your answers on the Final Examination Answer Sheet found on page 100, or complete your test online at EliteLearning.com/Book 46. All of the following statements regarding corticosteroids are true EXCEPT: a. Corticosteroids cause atrophy and weaken connective tissues, including skin, fascia, ligaments, and muscle, joint capsules, bones, and tendons. b. Corticosteroids also enhance the body’s ability to 53. The most commonly used H-2 receptor antagonist is: a. Cimetidine. b. Famotidine. c. Nizatidine. d. Ranitidine. 54. Laxative work through all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT: a. Bulk-forming. b. Stool softening.
repair body tissues, resulting in shorter healing periods and less fragile tissue after any injury. c. Corticosteroids also have immunosuppressant effects that make an individual more susceptible to infection, so hand washing and being in good health are important to the client’s health and safety. d. Individuals taking corticosteroids for long periods may notice changes in skin sensitivity and altered reactions to heat and cold. 47. Which antacid is safe to take during pregnancy? a. Calcium carbonate. b. Sodium bicarbonate. c. Aspirin. d. All of the above. 48. Which of the following is NOT one of the three main types of antacids preparations? a. Sodium bicarbonate. b. Colloidal bismuth. c. Calcium carbonate. d. Magnesium or aluminum hydroxide. 49. All of the following statements about H2 receptor antagonists are true EXCEPT: a. H2 receptor antagonists are currently prescribed for GERD and heartburn. b. While they do not work as rapidly, H2 antagonists last for longer periods of time than antacids. c. Many individuals taking H2 antagonists experience side effects and H2Ras are generally well-tolerated. d. H2 antagonists may be taken 30-60 minutes before meals to reduce meal-secreted acid by known food or beverage stomach irritants. 50. Crohn’s disease is characterized as: a. A chronic pain condition. b. A systemic disease. c. A virus. d. An autoimmune disease. 51. Constipation warnings for a severe case that requires immediate medical attention would be for all the following EXCEPT: a. Nausea. b. Blood in stool. c. Distended abdomen. d. Vomiting. 52. Side effects of topical corticosteroids includes all the following EXCEPT: a. Numbness in the fingers. b. Increased bruising.
c. Analgesic. d. Osmotic. 55. An example of a stool softener laxative is:
a. Castor oil. b. Mineral oil. c. Avocado oil. d. All of the above. 56. When performing abdominal massage, it is important to stand on which side of the patient to work? a. Right side. b. Left side. c. Above the head. d. Below the feet. 57. Osgood-Schlatter is a condition that predominantly effects the: a. Elbows. b. Spine. c. Hips. d. Knees. 58. All of the following statements about antidiarrheal drugs are true EXCEPT: a. Kaolin and pectin can be used for mild diarrheal symptoms. b. Antidiarrheals are typically used to control chronic diarrhea caused by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). c. Anti-diarrheal drugs should only be used in cases of mild to moderate diarrhea and should not be used by individuals with blood in their stool, a high fever, or other conditions that might cause systemic toxicity or worsen the pre-existing condition. d. Two main opioids are used as antidiarrheal agents: loperamide and diphenoxylate. 59. All of the following statements of nausea are true EXCEPT a. Nausea is an uneasiness of the stomach that always leads to vomiting. b. Some triggers that may result in vomiting can come from the stomach and intestines (infection, injury, and food irritation), the inner ear (dizziness and motion sickness), and the brain (head injury, brain infections, tumors, and migraine headaches). c. Various stimuli that affect nausea and vomiting come together in an area in the brain known as the vomit (emetic) center in the medulla. d. The vomit center receives input from four major
areas: the GI tract, the chemoreceptor trigger zone, the vestibular apparatus, and the cerebral cortex.
c. Raised red spots on the skin. d. Increased risk of infection.
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