Possible interactions of massage and medications Massage is a very safe way to help your clients, but when taking certain medications, interactions with negative side effects can occur. Depending on the medication, negative reactions can appear in different symptoms, but there are a few common red flags to look for contraindications with massage: ● Low blood pressure and orthostatic hypotension. ● Dizziness. ● Bruises.
● Muscle cramping or weakness. ● Blood clotting.
Depending on the category of medication and what that medication is used for, different types of massage can produce different side effects. We can determine from the category of medication what to look out for in our clients and risk factors that may be a product of massage.
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY
actions, receptor interactions, and dose-response phenomena ● Pharmacokinetics : The way the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted from the body. ● Medical pharmacology : The study of substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease. Nearly all the existing drugs can be classified into about 70 different groups, and many of the drugs within each group share similar pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. In most of these groups, it is possible to identify a small number of prototype drugs that are associated with significant characteristics that typify that group of drugs (Werner, 2021). receptor, as well as the appropriate electrical charge and atomic composition. Additionally, as most drugs are administered far from the target action site (a pill is taken by mouth and must travel to its needed location in the body), the drug must have the ability to travel from the site of administration to the site of action during the time period in which it is effective, avoiding excretion or inactivation before its mission is complete. gels, plasters, and patches, as well as sprays, powders, and suppositories. Transdermal medications are applied to the skin for systemic effect. They typically take the form of patches that stick to the skin and may be worn for a period of hours or days. Orally administered medications, which are taken by mouth, may be in the form of a solid pill, tablet, capsule, or lozenge but may also be powder or granular in form. Orally administered preparations also take the form of liquids and may be referred to as solutions , emulsions , syrups , or tinctures , among other names. Oral medication is convenient but may be slower and less complete than dosage through parenteral (non-oral) channels. Solid medication must be dissolved and withstand exposure to stomach acid. Additionally, oral medications are subject to metabolism by the gut and liver before reaching circulation (first-pass effect). Sublingual medications are directly absorbed into systemic venous circulation, avoiding the first-pass effect. The absorption can vary from fast to slow, according to the composition of the drug. Inhalation drugs are commonly used for respiratory diseases, as this method brings the drug into close contact with the target organ (the lungs). Suppositories are also directly absorbed into systemic venous circulation. This method allows for the absorption of larger doses of a drug and may be useful for patients who cannot use sublingual or orally administered medication. Some drugs are administered parenterally, meaning they enter the body through a route other than the alimentary (gastrointestinal) tract. Parenteral administration includes injection or infusion of a sterile preparation into the tissue,
Pharmacology is the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes (Katzung & Trevor, 2020). More simply, it is the study of the interaction of chemicals with living things. This section introduces the following concepts of pharmacology: ● Drugs : Chemicals that act on living things at the molecular (chemical) level ● Pharmacodynamics : The action of a drug on the body, that is, the way the drug produces effects on the body, encompassing mechanisms of therapeutic versus toxic Nature and composition of drugs A drug is a substance that causes a change in biological processes through chemical actions. Hormones are drugs made within the body. In general, a drug molecule interacts with a particular molecule of the living thing that regulates some aspect of the biological system. This molecule in the biological system is called a receptor . In order to interact chemically with a receptor, the drug molecule must match the specific size and shape of the Drug administration Drugs are commonly administered through the following routes. Each method has different pharmacokinetic implications: ● Oral (swallowed). ● Intravenous. ● Sublingual (under the tongue). ● Rectal (suppository). Drugs typically enter the body through areas that are some distance from the targeted tissue. Before a drug can enter the bloodstream, it must be absorbed from the site of administration. The completeness or efficiency of absorption, as well as the rate, varies according to the type of drug and route of administration. Drugs actions may be local, limited to a specific area, or systemic, meaning the drug enters the body tissues through the vascular and lymphatic systems. Most drugs intended for local action are applied topically to the target area, while oral or subcutaneous administration is typically used for systemic action. Topical applications, used in adequately large or frequent doses, may also be absorbed into systemic circulation over time. Topical agents are applied to the skin or mucous membrane and may be intended for absorption through the cheek, throat, nose, cornea, ear, urethra, rectum, or vagina. Topical preparations take many forms, including creams, ● Intramuscular. ● Transdermal. ● Subcutaneous. ● Inhalation. ● Topical. ● Transdermal.
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Book Code: MLA1225
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