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Introduction to Aquatic Therapy: Summary
Dynamic Pools Modern dynamic pools represent the evolution of aquatic therapy technology. These specialized therapeutic environments offer: • Portable/prefabricated design • Advanced features including: ○ Adjustable water jets/currents ○ Underwater treadmills ○ Video monitoring systems ○ Movable floors • Capacity for 1-2 clients • Targeted treatment options The choice between static and dynamic pools often depends on:
MAJOR THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES 1. The Bad Ragaz Ring Method was developed in 1930s Switzerland. The method uses flotation rings around the neck, pelvis, and extremities to suspend patients in water, allowing therapists to facilitate three-dimensional movement patterns. The Bad Ragaz Ring Method was used the water to treat impairments. The technique incorporates the following primary components: ○ Passive movement : Used for tone reduction and relaxation ○ Isometric exercise : Client maintains position while therapist provides movement ○ Isotonic exercise : Client actively moves while therapist provides fixed points of resistance ○ Isokinetic exercise : Therapist provides fixation while client is moved through water The Bad Ragaz Method is used commonly in neurologic patients, rheumatologic con- ditions, pain syndromes, reflex sympathet- ic dystrophy (RSD), mastectomy or cardiac surgeries, and developmental delays. Tech- niques facilitate tone reduction, relaxation, improved range of motion, muscle reedu- cation, traction, strengthening, preparation for weightbearing, restoration of normal movements, and endurance. It is not recom- mended for those with vestibular problems, acute neck or back conditions, or excessive fatigue. 2. Halliwick Method : Created by James McMillan in the 1950s, this method emphasizes independence in water without flotation devices. Generally, it uses a problem-solving approach that is good for neurorehabilitation and pediatrics.
• Facility space and budget • Patient population needs • Treatment goals • Available staff expertise
EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUES Aquatic therapy utilizes three types of equipment: 1. Buoyancy equipment (assistive equipment) is usually foam and assists with buoyancy to improve flexibility, mobility, and stability: ○ Flotation devices ○ Foam noodles ○ Kickboards ○ Flotation weights (barbell, dumbbells, hydro-fit cuffs) 2. Resistance equipment is based on drag, viscosity, and surface area. The goal of this equipment is to improve strength, stability, endurance, and dynamic flexibility: ○ Paddles ○ Fins ○ Webbed gloves 3. Support equipment : ○ Pool rails ○ Steps ○ Lifts
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