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Utilizing Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treatment of Low Back Pain: Summary
F INAL EXAM QUESTIONS
102. Which type of research is the basis of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs)? a. Quality research that span several decades b. Quality research that is recent c. A vast array of case studies that span several decades d. Four recent RCTs published within the past 3 years 103. Why do clinicians use CPGs for low back pain? a. As a substitute for medical advice b. To provide a protocol for treatment c. To reduce healthcare costs, surgery, and opioid use d. To complement imaging results c. Insurance personnel d. Physicians and associated practitioners e. All the above 105. Which of the following interventions was not newly included as part of the 2021 LBP CPG update? a. Cognitive functional therapy b. Dry needling c. Pain neuroscience education d. Traction 106. What are the gaps in knowledge needed to strengthen further updates with CPGs? a. The need for more level 1 RTCs b. The need for more journals to publish the updated CPGs c. The need for more longitudinal studies d. The need for more research to be performed internationally 107. How is low back pain classified? a. ICD-11 diagnosis codes b. Anyone presenting with LBP is classified as “nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP)” to avoid clinical confusion c. The ICF model d. Using signs and symptoms as the basis of classification 104. Who uses CPGs? a. Athletic trainers b. Clients
108. When interpreting evidence levels
regarding CPGs, what qualifies as a level I research study?
a. Case-control or retrospective studies b. High-quality research studies, including diagnostic studies, prospective studies, RCTs, or systematic reviews c. Expert opinion d. Case series 109. For the LBP CPG 2021 update, which level(s) of research were used? a. Level I only b. Levels I–II c. Levels I–III d. Levels I–IV 110. When interpreting the strength of CPG recommendations, which letter grade is associated with “weak evidence”? a. A b. B c. C d. D 111. In terms of exercise as an intervention, what is a “multimodal exercise”? a. The combination of Williams and McKenzie exercises in treating LBP
b. The enhanced capacity and efficiency of the cardiovascular system to reduce LBP symptoms c. The restoration of multiple planes of range of motion to achieve a reduction of LBP symptoms
d. Combining two or more exercise interventions as a treatment for LBP 112. The CPG contains strong evidence for
which exercise intervention for older adults who suffer from LPB? a. General exercise training to reduce pain and disability b. Trunk muscle strengthening c. Specific trunk muscle activation d. Movement control exercise
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