Tariq, S. H., Tumosa, N., Chibnall, J. T., Perry, H. M., & Morley, J. E. (2006). The Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia is more sensitive than the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) – A pilot study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14 (11), 900-910. Tarsy, D. (2012). Treatment of Parkinson disease: A 64-year-old man with motor complications of advanced Parkinson disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, 307 (21), 2305-2314. Tinetti, M. E., Richman, D., & Powell, L. (1990). Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of falling. Journal of Gerontology, 45 (6), P239-P243. Toto, P. E., Raina, K. E., Holm, M. B., Schlenk, E. A., Rubinstein, E. N., & Rogers, J. C. (2012). Outcomes of a multicomponent physical activity program for sedentary, community- dwelling older adults. Journal of Aging & Physical Activity, 20 (3), 363-378. Tranter, L. J., & Koutstaal, W. (2008). Age and flexible thinking: An experimental demonstration of the beneficial effects of increased cognitively stimulating activity on fluid intelligence in healthy older adults. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition: A Journal on Normal and Dysfunctional Development, 15 (2), 184-207. Turner, S., Arthur, G., Lyons, R. A., Weightman, A. L., Mann, M. K., Jones, S. J., … Lannon, S. (2011). Modification of the home environment for the reduction of injuries. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2011 (2), Article No. CD003600. doi:10.1002/14651858. CD003600.pub3. U.S. Census Bureau. (2014). Current population survey annual social and economic supplement (CPS ASEC). Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/ publications/pubs-cps.html. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2012). National strategy for suicide prevention: Goals and objectives for action. Retrieved from http://www.surgeongeneral. gov/library/reports/national-strategy-suicide-prevention/full_report-rev.pdf. Visvanathan, R., & Chapman, I. (2010). Preventing sarcopaenia in older people. Maturitas, 66 (4), 383-388. Walston, J. D. (2012). Sarcopenia in older adults. Current Opinion in Rheumatology, 24 (6), 623-627. Ware, J.E., Sherbourne, C.D. (1992). The MOS 36-Item short form health survey. Medical Care, 30 (6), 473-483. Whyte, E. M., & Mulsant, B. H. (2002). Post stroke depression: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and biological treatment. Biological Psychiatry, 52 (3), 253-264. Witlox, J., Eurelings, L. S. M., de Jonghe, J. F. M., Kalisvaart, K. J., Eikelenboom, P., & van Gool, W. A. (2010). Delirium in elderly patients and the risk of post discharge mortality, institutionalization, and dementia: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 304 (4), 443-451. World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability and health . Retrieved from http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/en. World Health Organization. (2002). Toward a common language for functioning, disability and health: ICF. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/classifications/icf/icfbeginnersguide. pdf?ua=1, 9. World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Retrieved from http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599979_eng.pdf. World Health Organization. (2013). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved from http://www. who.int/suggestions/faq/en/. Wrisley, D., & Kumar, N. (2010). Functional gait assessment: Concurrent, discriminative, and predictive validity in community-dwelling older adults. Physical Therapy, 90 (4), 761-773. Yardley, L., Beyer, N., Hauer, K., Kempen, G., Piot-Ziegler, C., & Todd, C. (2005). Development and initial validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Age and Ageing, 34 (6), 614-619. Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1983). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17 (1), 37-49. Yu, M. S., Chan, C. C., & Tsim, R. K. (2007). Usefulness of the Elderly Mobility Scale for classifying residential placements. Clinical Rehabilitation, 21 (12), 1114-1120. Zarit, S. H., & Zarit, J. M. (2007). Mental disorders in older adults (2nd ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press. 35. The ICF model differs from traditional medical models because: a. It is concerned mostly with the older adult’s diseases. b. Function is unimportant. c. The older adult’s emotional status is not considered. d. It looks at all aspects of daily living for the older adult uniquely. 36. An example of a change in activity according to the ICF model is: a. A gait limitation. b. Decreased range of motion. c. Poor muscle strength. d. Reports of poor quality of life. 37. According to Schwartz’s “slippery slope” continuum, an older individual who is active in the community, jogs daily, and volunteers in a soup kitchen would be considered to be at the: a. Fun level. b. Function level. c. Frail level. d. Failure level. 38. During an initial evaluation of a patient with COPD, the physical therapist decides, along with the patient, that his greatest functional limitation is his aerobic impairment. The most suitable outcome measure would be the: a. Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. b. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Questionnaire. c. 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). d. Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST).
Rodda, J., Walker, Z., & Carter, J. (2011). Depression in older adults. British Medical Journal, 343 , d5219. doi:10.1136/bmj.d5219. Rogers, J. C., & Holm, M. B. (2009). The occupational therapy process. In E. Crepeau, E. Cohn, & B. Schell (Eds.), Willard & Spackman’s occupational therapy (11th ed., pp. 478- 518). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Roig, M., Eng, J. J., MacIntyre, D. L., Road, J. D., FitzGerald, J. M., Burns, J., Reid, W. D. (2011). Falls in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An observational cohort study. Respiratory Medicine, 105 (3), 461-469. Rosen, S., & Reuben, D. (2011). Geriatric assessment tools. Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 78 , 489-497. Rosenberg, I. (1997). Sarcopenia: Origins and clinical relevance. Journal of Nutrition, 127 (Suppl 5), 990S-991S. Rowe, J. W., & Khan, R. L. (1998). Successful aging: The MacArthur Foundation Study shows you how the lifestyle choices you make now – more than heredity – determine your health and vitality. New York, NY: Pantheon Books. Sandmire, D. A. (2010). The physiology and pathology of aging. In R. H. Robnett & W. C. Chop (Eds.), Gerontology for the health care professional (2nd ed., pp. 53-113). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett. Sartor-Glittenberg, C., Lehmann, S., Okada, M., Rosen, D., Brewer, K., & Bay, R. (2014). Variables explaining health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 37 (2), 83-91. Schell, B. A., & Cervero, R. M. (1993). Clinical reasoning in occupational therapy: An integrative review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47 (7), 605-610. Schepens, S., Sen, A., Painter, J. A., & Murphy, S. L. (2012). Relationship between fall-related efficacy and activity engagement in community-dwelling older adults: A meta-analytic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66 (2), 137-148. Schwartz, J. (2008). The socio-economic benefits of marriage: A review of recent evidence from the United States. Economic Affairs, 25 (3), 45-51. Schwartz, R. S. (1997). Sarcopenia and physical performance in old age: Introduction. Muscle and Nerve, 20 (Suppl 5), S10-S12. Scommegna, P. (2013). Research highlights in the demography and economics of aging. Helping Americans age in place. Retrieved from http://agingcenters.org/pubs/research- highlights/. Sibley, K., Voth, J., Munce, S., Straus, S., & Jaglal, S. (2014). Chronic disease and falls in community-dwelling Canadians over 65 years old: A population-based study exploring associations with number and pattern of chronic conditions. BMC Geriatrics, 14, 22. Slobogean, G., Noonan, V., & O’Brien, P. (2010). The reliability and validity of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, EuroQoL-5D, Health Utilities Index, and Short Form-6D outcomes instruments in patients with proximal humeral fractures. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 19 (3), 342-348. Smarr, K. L., & Keefer, A. L. (2011). Measures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Arthritis Care & Research, 6 3(S11), S454-S466. Smith, M., Ingram, T., & Brighton, V. (2008). Detection and assessment of late-life anxiety: Evidence-based practice guideline. Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa. Snowdon, M., Steinman, L., Frederick, J., & Wilson, N. (2009). Screening for depression in older adults: Recommended instruments and considerations for community-based practice. Clinical Geriatrics, 17 (9), 26-32. Song, H. J., Meade, K., Akobundu, U., & Sahyoun, N. R. (2014). Depression as a correlate of functional status of community-dwelling older adults: Utilizing a short version of 5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale as a screening tool. Journal of Nutritional Health and Aging, 18 (8), 765-770. Stathokostas, L., Little, R., Vandervoort, A., & Paterson, D. (2012). Flexibility training and functional ability in older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Aging Research , Article ID: 306818. doi:10.1155/2012/306818. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2012). Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Summary of national findings. Retrieved from http://www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2k11Results/NSDUHresults2011.pdf. Talley, V. (2008). Importance of context to occupations of older adults. In S. Coppola, S. Elliott, & P. Toto (Eds.), Strategies to advance gerontology excellence (pp. 279-313). Bethesda, MD: AOTA Press.
FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE OLDER ADULT, 2ND EDITION Final Examination Questions Select the best answer for each question and mark your answers on the Final Examination Answer Sheet found on page 148, or complete your test online EliteLearning.com/Book 31. By 2040, the U.S. population aged 65 and older is expected to:
a. Grow to 22 million. b. Nearly triple in size.
c. Include one out of every seven Americans. d. Decrease as those aged 85 and older die. 32. According to Rowe and Kahn, the key criteria for successful aging include avoidance of disease, high physical and cognitive function, and: a. Active life involvement. b. Advanced education. c. Low stress levels. d. High socioeconomic status. 33. The “old-old” age group (age 85 and older) are more likely than other older adults to: a. Be married. b. Live independently in the community. c. Utilize acute care services. d. Be financially secure. 34. According to the World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), “function” is best defined as a person’s ability to: a. Use his or her muscles and limbs.
b. Perform a transition or task. c. Complete an activity alone. d. Participate in life situations.
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