● Organizational culture: ○ The presence of microaggressions and biased practices within the hospital can influence the overall organizational culture. If not addressed, such an environment can perpetuate discriminatory attitudes, making it challenging for diverse healthcare professionals to thrive and contribute fully to the organization's mission. To mitigate these impacts and foster an inclusive and supportive healthcare environment, it is crucial for healthcare organizations to address implicit biases, promote cultural competence, and implement diversity and inclusion initiatives. By creating a respectful and equitable workplace, healthcare providers like Dr. Williams can deliver high- quality care, improve patient outcomes, and enhance job satisfaction and retention among the staff.
Self-Assessment Question 3 What is the best definition of discrimination? a. Behavior that includes implicit biases b. Behavior that treats someone differently because of their group membership c. An opinion or attitude about a group or its individual members d. An exaggerated belief, image, or distorted truth about a person or group Self-Assessment Question 4 Which of the following is an example of microaggression? a. Someone stating, “You are a girl—you are not supposed to be able to do math well” b. A school’s policy stating that hair dreadlocks are not allowed c. Reworking the voting lines in a district to cause cracking within the votes d. All the above
IMPLICIT–EXPLICIT DISCREPANCIES
What is most unexplainable to researchers surrounding the subject of biases is the discrepancies between implicit versus explicit, what is realized and what is not (Greenwald & Lai, 2020). Most bias testing is done using the IAT. An example of a widely occurring discrepancy is the White versus Black preference. In the U.S., around 30% of Black individuals showed an extreme preference for "like us" through explicit bias testing measures; however, on the IAT, the implicit preference was for White, the "not like us." Another discrepancy is found in the measure of self-esteem, with implicit measures being high while explicit measures rated low (Jordan et al., 2003; Schroder-Abe et al., 2007). The discrepancy seen in the measurement of self-esteem implicitly versus explicitly correlates to a diagnosis of depression and is a pattern commonly documented in Japanese adults (Smeijers et al., 2017). Evidence-Based Consideration Affective cognition is a newer area of study within cognitive science that focuses on how we reason about others' minds and intuitively understand what someone is feeling, thinking, and believing. In other words, it looks at how emotions affect how we think, learn, and reason within our environment. Affective cognition connects what we accept as our identity back to stereotypical perspectives and opinions of those close to us. What we interpret others as feeling can unconsciously affect how we interact with them (Wu et al., 2021).
Self-esteem is also linked to being originated from those we interact with most within our environment; thus, it is linked to cultural stereotyping. Cultural stereotyping causes an emotional belief that affects how the person cognitively processes the situation, which is reflected in how they behave. This is known as affective cognition. An example is the belief that men are better at math than females are. This belief's explicit form correlates to higher anxiety levels in females in the context of their ability to perform well in mathematics. But even implicitly, it causes a female to behave in ways that reveal lowered self-esteem in areas where math is needed (Greenwald & Lai, 2020). Poling Question : Do you think the affective cognitions of math stereotyping hinder young girls and women from pursuing career aspirations that require a strong proficiency in mathematics?
Yes No
Video: Dangers of Implicit Bias
IMPLICIT BIAS IN HEALTHCARE
(COVID-19) pandemic (Gleicher et al., 2022). Data released in 2022 by the AHRQ showed that racial and ethnic minority communities have outcomes comparable to those of White communities for just under half of the quality-of-care measures. While this may be true for most communities nationwide, there are still communities where disparities are much greater between Whites and racial/ethnic minorities. A specific example are the American Indian and Native American communities who had better outcomes on 12% of the quality measures. In comparison, White communities had better outcomes on 43% of the quality measures. Healthcare disparities are also noted for specific disease
The U.S. is becoming more diverse, and the percentage of people identifying with two or more ethnicities rose from 2.9% to 10.2% between 2010 and 2020 (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [AHRQ], 2022). Many states have mandated implicit bias training that focuses on reducing barriers and disparities in the access to and delivery of healthcare services. See Box 1 for an example of state-mandated training. While research studies on implicit and explicit biases date back to the 1990s, a renewed interest in the role of systemic biases began through the noticeable inequalities highlighted during the Coronavirus Disease 2019
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