206. Compared to persons without plantar fasciitis, people with plantar fasciitis have all the following except: a. Lower muscle function in the hallux and lesser toe plantar flexors, ankle dorsiflexors, and ankle invertors and evertors. b. Lower muscle volume in the hallux and lesser toe plantar flexors, ankle dorsiflexors, and ankle invertors and evertors. 207. Runners with less than __________ degrees of ankle dorsiflexion are over 3 times more likely to develop Achilles tendinopathy. a. 3.5. b. 5.5. c. 8.5. d. 11.5. 208. Which of the following modalities involves the transcutaneous application of acoustic waves transmitted in a narrow or focused manner? a. Dry needling. b. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy. c. Ultrasound. d. Low level laser therapy. 209. All of the following are supported for use in treating Achilles tendinopathy except: a. Iontophoresis. b. Ultrasound. c. Dry needling. d. Night splints. 210. Which of the following may contribute to patellofemoral pain syndrome by compressing the patellofemoral joint? a. Tight quadriceps muscles. b. Tight calf muscles. c. Larger foot muscle volume. d. Smaller foot muscle volume. 211. Which of the following conditions is associated with lateral knee pain located between the femoral condyle and Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia? a. Patellofemoral pain syndrome. b. Medial tibial stress syndrome. c. Shin splints. d. Iliotibial band syndrome. 212. Which of the following is NOT recommended in treatment for patellofemoral pain syndrome? a. Joint mobilizations. b. Exercise therapy. c. Orthotics. d. Proprioception and neuromuscular control exercises. c. Impaired gluteal control. d. Tight hamstring muscles.
199. The frontal plane deformity where the distal third of the tibia is angled medially relative to the proximal tibia is called:
a. Tibial varum. b. Tibial valgum.
c. External tibial torsion. d. Internal tibial torsion 200. Genu valgum is defined as the angle formed by a line connecting the __________ and the midpoint of the patella crossing a line between the midpoint of the patella and the __________. a. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS); tibial tubercle b. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS); lateral malleolus. c. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS); medial malleolus, d. Greater trochanter; tibial tubercle. 201. Femoral version/torsion is the angle between the line going through the proximal __________ and a line that c. Femoral neck: distal femoral condyles. d. Femoral shaft: distal femoral condyles. 202. A __________ leg length discrepancy exists when there is a difference in the length of the tibia and/or femur while a __________ leg length discrepancy is not due to an osseous inequity. a. Functional; structural. b. Structural; functional. c. Nonvariable; variable. d. Variable; nonvariable. 203. Which of the following is true regarding assessing for leg length discrepancy (LLD) in runners? a. Direct measurement of the leg length in supine is considered accurate and reliable. b. Since leg length discrepancy has no effect on lower extremity function, it is not useful to measure it in runners. c. Leg length discrepancy has a significant effect on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the thoracic and lumber trunk extensors. d. Since no one test for leg length discrepancy has been shown to be reliable, multiple tests should be used to improve accuracy with assessing for LLD. 204. According to Vogt et al. (2020), a leg length that is less than __________ should not be treated. a. 1 cm. goes through the __________. a. Femoral neck; tibial plateau. b. Femoral shaft; tibial plateau. b. 1.5 cm. c. 1 inch. d. 2 inches. 205. Under-pronation may result in all of the following except: a. Increased shock absorption. b. Decreased shock absorption. c. Poor force distribution. d. Increased stress to the foot and plantar fascia.
Course Code: PTMD04RU
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