Effective Management of Acute and Chronic Pain with Opioid Analgesics, 2nd Edition _ ________________
References/Citations 1. Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education. 2016. Accreditation Requirements. Criteria for CME Providers-Accreditation Criteria. 2. Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education. 2016. Accreditation Requirements. Criteria for CME Providers-Standards for Commercial Support. 3. See https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/factsheets/factsheet_ drug_poisoning.pdf. 4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2017). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. SMA 17-5044, NSDUH Series H-52). Rockville, MD: Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 5. Ibid. 6. http://www.nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2011/ Relieving-Pain-in-America-A-Blueprint-for-Transforming- Prevention-Care-Education-Research.aspx. 7. https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH- DetTabs-2016/NSDUH-DetTabs-2016.pdf, Table 6.53A. 8. http://nationalacademies.org/hmd/Reports/2017/pain- management-and-the-opioid-epidemic.aspx. 9. For example, see https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/ cfr/2106cfrt.htm and 10. https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/21cfr/21usc/829.htm. For example, see Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. 2016. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain –United States, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016; 65 (No. RR-1): 1-49. 11. For example, see Federation of State Medical Boards’ Guidelines for the Chronic Use of Opioid Analgesics. 12. For example, see https://nccih.nih.gov. 13. SAMHSA Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs: A Guide for Healthcare Providers. 14. American Psychiatric Association DSM-5-Opioid Use Disorder Diagnostic Criteria. 15. See FDA guidance for industry Abuse-Deterrent Opioids — Evaluation and Labeling. 16. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, (Copyright 2013). American Psychiatric Association. Id.
l. Safe storage and disposal, risks of theft by family members and household visitors m. Never share any opioid analgesic with another person n. How and when to use naloxone products and their various means of administration o. Seeking emergency medical treatment if an opioid overdose occurs p. How to report adverse events and medication errors to FDA (1-800-fda-1088 or via http:// www.fda.gov/downloads/AboutFDA/ ReportsManualsForms/Forms/UCM163919. pdf) V. ADDICTION MEDICINE PRIMER HCPs should be knowledgeable about the basic elements of addiction medicine and be familiar with the definition, neurobiology, and pharmacotherapy of OUDs. In particular, stigmatizing or blaming language should be replaced with language that acknowledges that addiction, reclassified as substance use disorder [16]. in the revised Diagnostic Statistical Manual–V, is a disease. The term opioid use disorder [17]. should be used when referring to the use of opioids, rather than other substances. It should also be noted that there may be a different approach with a patient who misuses an opioid analgesic by taking the product differently than prescribed for the purpose of managing pain, in contrast to the patient who abuses an opioid analgesic with the intent of getting high. HCPs should be familiar with the following: 1. The neurobiology of OUD (addictive cycle) 2. Use of screening tools to identify patients at risk, based on known risk factors, and to identify patients developing signs of opioid dependence or addiction as early as possible. 3. Management of OUD, including the types of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments available and when to refer to an addiction medicine specialist.
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