Table 2: Population by Race Self-Identification 2018 Race Number of People Percentage White 236,102,692 72.2% Black or African American 41,683,829 12.7% Asian 18,449,856 5.6% Some Other Race 16,273,008 5% Two or More Races 11,224,731 3.4%
Table 4: Population by Race Self-Identification Foreign Born Race Number of People Percentage White 20,375,810 45.5% Asian 12,097,155 27% Some Other Race 6,617,226 14.8% Black or African American 4,270,404 9.5%
Native American Indian and Alaska Native Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
198,677
0.4%
Native American Indian and Alaska Native Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
2,826,336
0.9%
146,444
0.3%
606,987
0.2%
Two or More Races
460,543
0.2%
(Pew Research Center, 2020a)
(Pew Research Center, 2020a)
Table 3: Population by Race Self-Identification U.S. Born Race Number of People Percentage White 215,726,882 76.4% Black or African American 37,413,425 13.2% Two or More Races 10,169,825 3.6% Some Other Race 9,655,701 3.4% Asian 2,627,659 2.2%
Self-Assessment Quiz Question #2 In 2018, from which country/region did the highest number of foreign-born people residing in the U.S. come from by place of birth? a. South America. b. East and Southeast Asia. c. Mexico. d. Sub-Saharan Africa. Healthcare professionals must be careful not to make sweeping generalizations regarding characteristics or needs of any population. Further, patients are influenced by a variety of factors including level of acculturation (to be discussed later), immigration experience, experiences with discrimination, and ability to speak English. Therefore, it is imperative for healthcare professionals to ask patients about their personal experiences and important events in their lives. Some cultural generalizations may help clinicians increase their knowledge of specific cultures and enhance their understanding of a portion of patients’ differing experiences. However, this is not intended to shift the healthcare professionals focus away from developing a better understanding of the dynamics of race, immigration, and other facets of diversity within the current social, economic, and political environment of the United States. Healthcare professionals are better prepared to both understand and help their patients if they are able to understand the cultural climate in which their diverse patients live and that climate’s role in accommodating or marginalizing them. Moreover, healthcare professionals will provide better care for their patients if they develop a better understanding of how they personally are accommodated and marginalized by American culture. Race, ethnicity, and immigration status are only a few of the facets of diversity that affect patients. Other facets of diversity include socioeconomic status, disability, sexual orientation, religion, and gender identification. These facets of diversity can serve as dimensions that marginalize and/or oppress patients as well.
Native American Indian and Alaska Native Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
2,627,659
0.9%
460,543
0.2%
(Pew Research Center, 2020a)
Poverty Poverty is often a consequence of immigrants who have fled war zones, disaster areas, and regions of extreme high unemployment. The official poverty rate in 2020 was 11.4%, up 1% from 2019. This is the first increase in poverty after five consecutive annual declines. In 2020, there were 37.2
million people in poverty, about 3.3 million more than in 2019 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2020).
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