care consultations in the last 12 months (2-fold increase) and with the numbers of emergency department visits in the last 12 months (5-fold increase) compared with no chronic pain, even after adjusting for known predictors (Pilitsis et al., 2021). In Germany, it has been estimated that the cost of back pain amounted to £13.44 billion each year, while in the UK back pain was estimated to cost the NHS £1 billion per annum in Belgium. The direct medical cost of low back pain was estimated to range between £66.25 million to £130.21 million from information contained in databases relating to general practice consultations Cost to economies The economic cost of pain is considered greater than most other health conditions. In most countries, this cost is directly measured as a cumulative effect on the rates of absenteeism, reduced levels of productivity, and increased risk of leaving the labor market. In a 2003 survey in Sweden, the loss of production due to sick leave resulting from chronic pain has been estimated to constitute 91% of the socioeconomic cost of SEK 87.5 billion (£7.37 billion) associated with lost production. In Denmark, an estimated 1 million working days were lost annually as a result of chronic pain. Studies also demonstrated that productivity costs Conclusion Regardless of the presenting condition, a holistic approach to pain assessment and management is considered the bedrock of proper medical care. In many cases, this might require an interprofessional collaboration with input from parent assessment to therapy regimen design. As it stands, the popular References Al-Chalabi, M., Reddy, V., & Gupta, S. (Updated 2022 Aug 8). Neuroanatomy, spinothalamic tract . StatPearls Publishing. Alharbi, H. A., Albabtain, M. A., Alobiad, N., Aba Alhasan, J., Alruhaimi, M., Alnefisah, M., Alateeq, S., Alghosoon, H., Alarfaj, S. J., Arafat, A. A., & Algarni, K. D. (2020). 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