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Sports Massage: Enhancing Training, Participation and Recovery for Today's Athlete, 2nd Edition: Summary 79
Question 1: What muscle is tight that is causing Trevor’s hamstring discomfort? a. Hamstrings b. Hip Flexors c. Gluteus Maximus d. Back Extensors
THE CORRECT ANSWER IS B. Rationale: This is very common in running if the hip flexors are tight, they will inhibit the glute max and then the hamstrings (synergists) will super compensate and perform more hip extension and become overworked. So, athletes with sore hamstrings may have tight hip flexors that are super compensating and thus the hamstrings themselves are not inherently deficient. As a result, it becomes difficult for the hamstrings to recover because they are always being overtaxed. Question 2 : Overcompensation of the hamstrings in this example refers to the term? a. Synergistic Dominance THE CORRECT ANSWER IS A. Rationale: Synergistic Dominance. It is a compensatory mechanism and is the tendency of synergist (helper) muscles to overcompensate if the agonist muscles aren’t functioning at full capacity. As was the case in this example the hamstrings (synergists) were super compensating for the lack of activation of the glute max. Because muscle can only pull the agonist muscle is considered the prime mover while the antagonist muscle performs the opposite joint action and controls the agonist motion. This is called reciprocal inhibition which is a reflex by which the central nervous system (CNS) decreases neural drive to antagonist muscles. b. Reciprocal inhibition c. Agonist Activation d. Autogenic inhibition Sometimes our muscles will do this (reciprocal inhibition) by ourselves and this is called autogenic inhibition. The muscle shuts itself down a little after 20 to 30 seconds. This is why you can sometimes stretch a little more after holding a positionand this also why we do not want to preform static stretching prior to an event.
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