53
Optimizing Outcomes in Rehabilitation: Motor Learning Principles and Beyond: Summary
to receive feedback. By aligning patient and therapist goals, a patient-focused approach can enhance motivation and self-efficacy, ultimately leading to more effective and engaging rehabilitation experiences. Treatment should correlate to their goals and daily activities! Most importantly, this can lead to a patient’s mood being lifted. Good moods foster more cognitive flexibility and creativity. EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE Research shows that when patients are given more control over their rehabilitation journey, they're more likely to achieve the best possible outcomes. A lack of autonomy, on the other hand, leads to poorer outcomes and is a detriment to motor learning. This means that providers must prioritize giving their patients the autonomy they need to feel engaged, motivated, and empowered throughout the rehabilitation process. How to Build Autonomy • Encourage patients to actively engage in their care decisions • Involve patients in setting therapy goals • Offer choices during therapy sessions, allowing patients to select the order or type of activities • Allow patients to decide when they want feedback or guidance • Collaborate with patients in the evaluation process, discussing their perspectives on their issues • Introduce meaningful and challenging tasks to increase patient engagement • Enhance self-efficacy by increasing anticipation of success through collaboration and autonomy support • Encourage patients to focus on factors external to the body instead of getting too caught up in the intricate details of their movements
Beyond the type of feedback we use, when we offer it can be as important for learning and skill acquisition. There are two main ways to provide feedback: Concurrent feedback , which is given while a task is being performed, and terminal feedback , which is provided at the end of the task. Concurrent feedback is valuable, especially for beginners, as it helps them understand what they are doing wrong and offers specific instructions for making improvements. However, for more complex tasks, concurrent feedback can reduce cognitive load, making it easier for learners. Terminal feedback, on the other hand, works best when learners can relate it to their prior performance. | HEALTHCARE CONSIDERATION Delayed and summary feedback (summing up performance after a last attempt with a delay of a minute or two), allow for self- reflection. This pause encourages patients to contemplate their actions and performance, fostering a deeper understanding of their strengths and areas that require improvement. The act of reflecting on their actions enables individuals to process the information more effectively and refine their skills based on personal insights. Another critical factor in motor learning success is patient autonomy . It involves enabling patients to take control of their care by providing them with choices and opportunities for collaborative interactions. Autonomy not only promotes positive emotions but also enhances patient engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. To achieve autonomy, it is crucial to maintain a balance between internal and external focus throughout the motor learning process. Patients should be able to make informed decisions regarding their goals and treatment methods, and have the power to choose when they want
Powered by FlippingBook