Ohio Dentist and Dental Hygienist Ebook Continuing Education

___________________________________________________________________________ Antibiotics Review

THE OTHER BETA-LACTAMS

Agent

Adult Dosing Range

Pediatric Dosing Range

Route

Common Side Effects

Comments

Carbapenems Doripenem

500 mg every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days

Not studied for pediatric use

IV

Headache, rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, phlebitis

Dosage adjustment necessary for renal impairment. Cannot be used in patients with known serious hypersensitivity or history of anaphylaxis to any beta- lactam antibiotic. Seizure risk in patients with CNS disorders. Seizure risk in patients with CNS disorders. IV therapy may be administered for up to 14 days; IM for up to 7 days. Documentation of cross- allergy with penicillin allergy is limited. Seizure risk in patients with CNS disorders. Adults <70 kg may require decreased dosing. Documentation of cross- allergy with penicillin allergy is limited. Seizure risk in patients with CNS disorders. Can cause elevated LFTs. Seizure risk in patients with CNS disorders.

Ertapenem

1 g/day for 3 to 14 days

15 mg/kg every 12 hrs Max: 1 g/day for 3 to 14 days

IV, IM Diarrhea, nausea, phlebitis at infusion site

Imipenem/ cilastatin

500–1,000 mg every 6 to 8 hrs Max: 4 g/day

>3 mos: 15–25 mg/kg every 6 hrs Max: 4 g/day

IV

Phlebitis at infusion site, rash

Imipenem/ cilastatin/ relebactam

1.25 g every 6 hours for a 5-14 days

N/A

IV

Anemia

Meropenem

1.5–6 g/day in 3 divided doses

Infants <3 mos (IV): Gestational age <32 weeks AND postnatal age <14 days: 20 mg/ kg/dose every 12 hrs Postnatal age ≥14 days: 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs Gestational age ≥32 weeks AND postnatal age <14 days: 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs Postnatal age ≥14 days: 30 mg/kg/dose every 8 hrs >3 mos and <50 kg: 30–120 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses Max: 6 g/day >50 kg: Same as adult dosing Not studied in pediatric patients

IV

Diarrhea, nausea, inflammation at the injection site, headache

Meropenem/ vaborbactam

4 g every 8 hrs for <14 days

IV

Headache, GI symptoms, phlebitis at infusion site

Dosage adjustment necessary for renal impairment.

Table 3 continues on next page.

THE OTHER BETA-LACTAMS (Continued)

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