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Evidence-Based Balance Rehabilitation and Fall Prevention: Summary
49. Which test assesses a person’s cognitive ability to selectively attend to more than one thing at the same time? a. Extinction Test b. Mini Mental Status Exam c. Montreal Cognitive Assessment d. Trails Making Test 50. Which of the following strength training programs would be most effective to initiate for a 78-year-old woman with Parkinson’s and mild to moderate osteoarthritis in her knees and hips? a. 1 set of 5-rep max eccentric exercise to failure b. 3 sets of 10 reps at 10% 1-rep max concentric exercise to mild fatigue progressing to 20% 1-rep max c. 3 sets of 8 to 10 reps at 30% 1-rep max eccentric exercise to moderate fatigue, ramping gradually to 80% of 1-rep max over time d. Strengthening exercise has not been deemed safe for older adults 51. Which flexibility exercise has been shown to have a positive impact on fall risk for patients with Parkinson’s? a. Axial rotation b. Hamstring stretching c. Range of motion deficits are best compensated for, since those with Parkinson’s cannot reasonably improve ROM d. Shoulder flexion and abduction 52. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for a 75-year-old male with Parkinson’s who is severely retropulsive? a. Weighted push/pull activities while maintaining hips anteriorly against a countertop b. Catching/throwing a ball while reclining semiupright on a tilt table c. Anterior weight shifting while standing with a walker and therapist-assisted correction from behind d. Standing on compliant foam pad with eyes closed in the parallel bars
53. Roberta is a 62-year-old woman who suffered a right ischemic stroke and now severely pushes to the left in all standing tasks. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for her? a. Mat exercises b. Reaching activities while positioned side lying on a tilt table angled 20 to 30 degrees to the right c. Standing and gait training leaning against a wall on her left d. Standing training in the bars with verbal and manual cues for posture 54. Joe is an 83-year-old frequent faller who demonstrates delayed stepping reactions and overly stiff posture when his balance is challenged. Which of the following interventions could greatly improve his stepping strategy and reduce his risk for falls? a. Educating Joe on minimizing standing and walking to reduce his risk for falling b. Perturbation training with induced losses of balance while supported in a safety harness c. Standing on a compliant foam pad with minimal support, therapist guarding for safety d. Stepping practice in all directions using assistive device as indicated a. Dual task training is reserved for later stages of advanced balance training b. Dual task training must involve both a cognitive and a physical activity c. Most daily functional activities involve some element of dual tasking d. To reduce fall risk, most seniors should learn to focus on one task at a time 55. Which of the following statements is true regarding dual task training? 56. Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of compensatory strategies such as assistive devices, bracing, and contracture accommodation? a. There are no good long-term solutions for compensation requiring rehabilitation until a patient fully recovers their abilities b. Compensatory strategies are a last resort reserved for when all rehabilitation strategies have been exhausted c. Compensatory aids can bridge the gap for those impairments not fully rehabilitated and also serve as a long-term solution for unremitting deficits d. Compensation is not a word in the therapist’s vernacular
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