Key populations: ● Key populations and their sexual partners account for: ○ 54% of new HIV infections globally. ○ More than 95% of new HIV infections in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. ○ 95% of new HIV infections in Middle East and North Africa. ○ 88% of new HIV infections in Western and central Europe and North America. ○ 78% of new HIV infections in Asia and the Pacific. ○ 65% of new HIV infections in Latin America. ○ 64% of new HIV infections in Western and central Africa. ○ 47% of new HIV infections in the Caribbean. ○ 25% of new HIV infections in eastern and southern Africa.
● The risk of acquiring HIV is: ○ 22 times higher among men who have sex with men. ○ 22 times higher among people who inject drugs. ○ 21 times higher for sex workers. ○ 12 times higher for transgender people. HIV/Tuberculosis (TB): ● TB remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV, accounting for around one in three AIDS- related deaths. ● In 2017, an estimated 10 million [9 million-11.1 million] people developed TB disease; approximately 9% were living with HIV. ● People living with HIV with no TB symptoms need TB preventative therapy, which lessens the risk of developing TB and reduces TB/HIV death rates by around 40%. ● It is estimated that 49% of people living with HIV and tuberculosis are unaware of their coinfection and are therefore not receiving care.
HIV IN THE UNITED STATES: AT A GLANCE
Fast facts from CDC ● Approximately 1.1 million people in the U.S. are living with HIV today. ● About 14% of them (1 in 7) don’t know it and need testing. ● During 2010-2017, the annual number of new HIV diagnoses in the U.S. decreased 9%. ● HIV continues to have a disproportionate impact on certain populations, particularly racial and ethnic minorities and gay and bisexual men. ● Blacks/African Americans accounted for 42% (16,067) of HIV diagnoses and 13% of the population. HIV diagnoses among Black/African American gay and bisexual men remained stable. ● Gay and bisexual men accounted for 69% of all HIV diagnoses in the United States and 86% of diagnoses among males. HIV diagnoses among white gay and bisexual men decreased 19%. ● HIV diagnoses among Hispanics/Latino gay and bisexual men increased 17% at 7,543. ● HIV diagnoses among white gay and bisexual men decreased 19% (6,423). ● Heterosexuals accounted for 24% of HIV diagnoses. Heterosexual men accounted for 7% of HIV diagnoses, and heterosexual women accounted for 16% of HIV diagnoses. ● An estimated 38,000 new HIV infections still occur in the United States each year. These infections can be prevented. HIV/AIDS statistics in Florida Florida has the third highest rate of new HIV diagnosis, surpassed only by Washington, D.C., and Georgia. Over 115,000 Florida residents have HIV, which represents 12.5% of cases in the United States. An estimated 15%, 19,200 people, do not know they have the disease and therefore are not receiving treatment as noted in a CDC report from 2019. Of the 48 counties identified by the federal government as the highest priority due to case numbers, more than half of all cases identified are located in seven Florida counties. These counties include Miami-Dade, which has had the highest number of cases for many years, as well as the highest rate of AIDs and end stage disease. Because these individuals carry a high rate of viral load, they are more apt to spread the disease and die from it.
● HIV diagnoses are not evenly distributed across states and regions. More than 50% of new diagnoses occurred in 48 counties; Washington, D.C.; and San Juan, Puerto Rico, in 2016 and 2017. ● By age group, between 2010–2016, the annual number of HIV infections decreased among persons aged 13–24 and 45–54 but increased among persons aged 25–34. The number of infections remained stable among persons aged 33–44 and ≥55 years. ● By race/ethnicity, between 2010-2016, the annual number of HIV infections decreased among blacks/ African Americans, whites, and persons of multiple races and remained stable for Asians and Hispanics/Latinos. ● By sex, between 2010-2016, the annual number of new HIV infections decreased among females but remained stable among males. ● By HIV transmission group, between 2010-2016, the annual number of HIV infections decreased among people who use injection drugs and among heterosexuals. New HIV infections remained stable at about 26,000 per year among gay and bisexual men, who account for most (about 70%) of new infections each year. ● In 2018, 17,032 people in the U.S. and six dependent areas received a stage 3 (AIDS) diagnosis. (The late stage of HIV infection that occurs when the body’s immune system is badly damaged because of the virus.) (CDC, 2020b) Miami-Dade is followed by Broward, Palm Beach, Orange, Hillsborough, Pinellas, and Duval in terms of the highest HIV diagnoses. Several factors influence Florida’s high rates of HIV/AIDs including stigma, poverty, lack of access to care, language barriers, and the high rate of immigrants who may be unfamiliar with sources of care or afraid to access care due to their immigration status.
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