3. When testing a patient’s quadriceps strength, the difference in force output when using electrical stimulation and force output from a volitional effort is called the: a. Centralized strength quotient. b. Activation deficit. 4. The number of Americans estimated to have symptomatic knee osteoarthritis is? a. 14 million. b. 14 thousand. c. 140 thousand. d. 1.4 million. 5. Research supports a causal link between the development of knee OA and jobs that include which of the following activities? a. Standing and walking. b. Sitting and driving. c. Cross-sectional area. d. Knee limitation index.
13. Which of the following should be considered as part of a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) intervention for quadriceps strengthening? a. Patients should set the intensity at the minimal tolerable level and decrease it throughout treatment. b. Large electrodes should be used to enhance patient comfort. c. The on-off time should be 60 seconds on, 10 seconds off. d. Electrodes should be placed over the bony structures of the knee. 14. If a current patient presents with no soreness during warm- up exercises, then the soreness rules would indicate that the patient: a. Can be advanced one level. b. Should rest for 2 days. c. Should be advanced two levels. d. Should not advance. 15. Which of the following is a rationale for providing a knee brace to a patient with knee OA? a. Joint instability. 16. Although gait retraining may be beneficial for some patients with knee OA, a potential downside to walking with an altered gait pattern is? a. Reducing the risk of OA progression. b. Increasing the metabolic demand of walking. c. Decreasing the adduction moment in the affected knee. d. Increasing joint pain. 17. Based on findings from a longitudinal outcomes study, how many steps per day should patients with knee OA walk to prevent future functional decline? a. 60. b. 600. c. 6,000. d. 10,000. 18. Compared to a hyaluronic acid knee injection, b. Knee joint stiffness. c. Muscle spasticity. d. Loss of sensation. 19. A study in the New England Journal of Medicine found that patients who underwent surgery rather than physical therapy for knee OA and meniscal injury: a. Had better functional outcomes and better pain relief. b. Had a greater risk of mortality within 90 days of completing the study. c. Had similar functional outcomes and no difference in pain relief. d. Were more likely to return to competitive sports. 20. As a physical therapist, it is important to be aware that knee realignment may be appropriate for younger, active patients with malalignment in the frontal plane who have? corticosteroid injections? a. Provide less pain relief. b. Have a more immediate effect. c. Reduce pain for a longer duration. d. Have greater side effects.
c. Running and climbing. d. Squatting and lifting.
6. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing OA? a. Symmetrical muscle strength between legs.
b. Body mass index less than 25. c. Walking for 1 hour each day. d. Previous anterior cruciate ligament injury.
7. A biomechanical parameter during gait that can result in progression of knee OA is an increase in the external knee: a. Flexion moment. b. Adduction moment. c. Angle at initial contact. 8. Which of the following has been shown to be a non-valid method of measuring lower extremity strength? a. Isometric strength testing of the knee extensors on dynamometer with the knee flexed to 90 degrees. b. Isometric strength testing of the hip abductors in a side lying position using a hand-held dynamometer. c. Isometric strength testing of the plantarflexors using a hand-held dynamometer. d. Heel rise test for endurance to measure plantarflexor strength. 9. Which of the following is an assessment technique to measure frontal plane knee alignment in patients with knee OA? a. Q-angle measurement. b. Kellgren-Lawrence grade. c. Modified stroke test. d. Tibial excursion. 10. One of the drawbacks to using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is that it? a. Is not free to download and use. b. Is a long test that includes 42 questions. c. Has not been translated to any other languages. d. Does not include a pain subscale. 11. The minimal core set of performance-measures for patients with knee OA includes the: a. 6-minute walk test. b. Timed up and go. c. Stair climb test. d. Hop test. 12. If using a muscle strengthening exercise program, it should be: a. Isometric. b. Only performed at home. c. Aquatic-based. d. Progressed with respect to intensity.
a. End-stage knee OA. b. Severe joint instability. c. Moderate radiographic knee OA. d. Osteoporosis.
Course Code: PTNC04KN
Page 17
Book Code: PTNC1023
EliteLearning.com/ Physical-Therapy
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