7. Hair extension glue and wig glue. These contain Dioxane 1,4 and can cause eye and nose irritation and also cancer and liver and kidney damage. 8. Shampoos. Shampoos can contain Sodium Laurel Sulfate/ Sodium Laurel Sulfate. These are found in the majority of shampoos. They create the lather and the bubbles of the shampoo. They may cause eye and scalp irritation. ○ Thermal protection sprays. These contain cyclopentasiloxane and can cause breathing problems, coughing, wheezing, skin rashes and eye, throat and nose irritation. ○ Disinfectant. Most disinfectants contain butoxyethanol 2 and can cause headaches, and eye and throat irritation. 9. Keratin Treatments. These treatments contain formaldehyde and are a majorly unregulated salon product that is known to cause serious health hazards. Once the keratin treatments became popular, exposure to formaldehyde went to a higher level and more health problems. These have been shown to cause bloody noses, sore throats, rashes, and respiratory infections all from breathing the fumes. These treatments have been found to contain high levels of formaldehyde which is also referred to as methylene glycol. Formaldehyde gas is released during the application of the treatment, specifically when the flat iron contacts the product on the client’s hair. Formaldehyde gas is a dangerous pollutant that can be severely irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat. Long-term exposure to formaldehyde has been associated with a higher risk of cancer. In 2011, OSHA issued a hazard against the use of hair straighteners using formaldehyde (Boyer 2013). Also, in 2011, the FDA sent a warning letter to the makers of one keratin treatment and began to investigate the hair smoothing products that emit formaldehyde. The Cosmetic Ingredients Review, and industry funded panel of scientist reviewed the safety of and declared that formaldehyde was unsafe when used in hair smoothing products. Canada, Australia, and members of the European Union have banned many of these products due to safety concerns. Since the U.S. regulatory authority is weak in its enforcement, these are still sold and used in salons without restriction. eye, nose and throat irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, allergies, asthma, cancer and reproductive problems. 3. Acetone. Acetone can be used alone as nail polish remover. This chemical can cause headaches, dizziness, and irritated eyes, skin and throat. 4. Nail glue remover. Nail glue remover contains acetonitrile. This can cause irritated nose and throat, breathing problems, nausea, vomiting, weakness and exhaustion. 5. Nail polish and nail polish remover. These can contain butyl acetate and the effects of expose can be headaches, irritated eyes, skin, nose, mouth and throat. 6. Nail polish. Nail polish can contain dibutyl phthalate (DBP). This chemical can cause nausea, irritated eyes, skin, nose, mouth and throat. 7. Artificial nail liquid. This can contain ethyl methacrylate (EMA). This can cause asthma, irritated eyes, skin, nose, and mouth. It can also affect the ability to concentrate. 8. Nail primer. Nail primer can contain methacrylic acid. This chemical may cause skin burns, irritated eyes, nose and throat.
Here are a few examples of everyday products and services that are hazardous in the hair salon: 1. Bleach. Bleach is a common product used multiple times in a day in a hair salon. It is very common to find in a salon and find it being used regularly. Bleach may contain alcohol, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium persulfate, and sodium peroxide. Some possible health effects from using bleach and being exposed to bleach can be eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, allergies and skin and eye burns. 2. Chemical relaxers. These can contain alcohol, ammonium hydroxide, ammonium thioglycolate, boric acid, bromates, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide. These can cause eye, nose, throat, and lung irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, allergies, skin and eye burns, and kidney damage if swallowed. 3. Hair color. Hair color is also a highly common service offered in hair salons. Some hair color can contain alcohol, aminophenol, ammonium hydroxide, coal tar dyes, hydrogen peroxide and lead acetate. Possible health effects from exposure to hair color can be eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, skin irritation and dermatitis, allergic reaction, central nervous system effects, skin and eye burns, cancer, as well as lead poisoning. 4. Hairspray. Hairspray can contain alcohol, isobutane, methylene chloride and propane. The effects of hairspray could be eye, nose, throat and lung irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, cancer, lung and respiratory problems, chronic cough and breathing problems. 5. Permanent waves. These may contain alcohol, ammonium thioglycolate, boric acid, bromates, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide. Effects of perms can be eye, nose and throat irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, allergies, asthma, and skin and eye burns. 6. Shampoos and conditioners. Some shampoo and conditioners may contain alcohol, colors, fragrance, formaldehyde, petroleum distillates, detergents, quaternary ammonium compounds, sodium lauryl sulfate, tromethamine or diethanolamine. Possible health effects from these chemicals could be eye, nose and throat irritation, central nervous system effects, allergies, asthma and cancer. Nail salons Products used in nail salons may contain chemicals that can affect the workers’ health. Nail polish is the product most often used in nails salons and the main potential source for chemical exposure. Using these products can expose the workers to the hazardous chemicals. The workers are constantly breathing in the harmful vapors, dust or mist produced from these products. These chemicals can also add up when using many products at the same time. These can cause adverse health effects when used day after day, especially with poor ventilation. Some services offered in a nail salon that can be dangerous may be: 1. Manicuring. Some chemicals used during manicuring in nail salons can contain acetone, ethyl acetate formaldehyde, glycol ethers, lanolin, methyl/ethyl acetone, sodium hydroxide, toluene, and xylene. Health effects associate with these chemicals can be eye, nose, and throat irritation, central nervous system effects, skin irritation, dermatitis, allergies, asthma, cancer and reproductive problems. 2. Sculptured nails. Possible chemicals used in sculptured nails can be acetone, dimethyl p-toluidine, ethyl acetate, formaldehyde, glycol ethers, methacrylate, methyl ethyl ketone, methylene chloride, toluene, and xylene. Effects of using chemicals associated with sculptured nails could be
CHEMICALS TO AVOID
● Methyl methacrylate (MMA). MMA is in artificial nail products and is banned in many states. Products containing MMA are illegal for use in Florida. MMA can cause asthma, irritated
eyes, skin, nose and mouth. Some concentrates of MMA can cause a loss of smell and reproductive issues.
Book Code: CFL1024
Page 4
EliteLearning.com/Cosmetology
Powered by FlippingBook