__________________________________________________________________ Medical Ethics for Physicians
29. The PSDA of 1990 mandated that applicable facilities must A) require clients to make out a living will. B) provide staff and the community education regarding issues associated with advance directives. C) halt care if there is not specific knowledge of the availability of an advanced directive for the patient in need of care. D) All of the above 30. The means or tool for the individual to document his or her wishes for future healthcare decisions is called a(n) A) prime directive. B) advance directive. C) last will and testament. D) financial durable power of attorney. 31. A physician directive is a legally binding form that allows A) patients to write their own treatment orders on the physician order form. B) patients to document their treatment wishes should they become unable to speak for themselves. C) the named surrogate to act on the financial matters of the patient who is unable to speak for himself/herself. D) the patient to name an attorney-in-fact to act on behalf of him/her for healthcare decisions, should the patient become unable to speak for himself/herself. 32. The Joint Commission Patient Rights Standards on Ethical Issues requires that all accredited facilities must address A) advance directives. B) ethical issues in providing care. C) patient involvement in care decisions. D) All of the above 33. Which of the following are considered the most common ethical principles currently applied in healthcare decision making? A) Negotiating, harboring, enlisting, issuing, delegating, acceptance B) Denial, anger, resistance, bargaining, acceptance, enlisting, issuing C) Autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, fidelity, right- to-know, justice, veracity D) Dependence, benevolent, non-benevolent, finality, wrong-to-know, judicious, veracity 34. Autonomy, as a guiding principle, focuses on the patient’s A) truthfulness.
35. Deontologic ethics is
A) the principle that all people are not of equal value. B) lying is ethical if it is seen to be in the person’s best interest. C) based upon the principle that people should always be treated as a means to an end. D) a system of ethical decision making that stands on moral rules and unwavering principles. 36. In natural law ethical theory, which of the following is TRUE? A) It is known as the virtue system of ethics. B) The fundamental maxim is to do good and avoid evil. C) Both A and B D) None of the above 37. In order for a patient to be considered a capable decision maker in health care, he or she must be A) certified by a judge as competent. B) able to converse with healthcare staff. C) proven to make healthy and correct decisions.
D) able to understand information relevant to the decision at hand and to weigh the possible alternatives.
38. When following an ethical decision-making framework successfully, who makes the final determination of what should be done in patient care treatment issues? A) The nurse B) The physician C) The patient/family D) An objective outside party 39. Collection of the database is the first step in the ethical decision-making framework. Components of this important first assessment step include A) sorting the issues. B) solving the problem.
C) implementing the decision. D) gathering and assessing facts.
40. In cases in which principles come into conflict, causing an ethical dilemma, which party’s views must take precedence? A) The nurse’s B) The physician’s
C) The patient’s/family’s D) The healthcare facility’s
B) ability to self-pay for services. C) making and keeping promises. D) personal rights and self-determination.
Course Code: MDTX05ME
41
MDTX1625
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