23. Krebs EE, Carey TS, Weinberger M. Accuracy of the pain numeric rating scale as a screening test in primary care. Journal of general internal medicine. 2007;22(10):1453- 1458. 24. Bjoro K, Herr K. Assessment of pain in the nonverbal or cognitively impaired older adult. Clinics in geriatric medicine. 2008;24(2):237-262. 25. Schug SA, Bruce J. Risk stratification for the development of chronic postsurgical pain. Pain Rep. 2017;2(6):e627. 26. Traeger AC, Henschke N, Hubscher M, et al. Estimating the Risk of Chronic Pain: Development and Validation of a Prognostic Model (PICKUP) for Patients with Acute Low Back Pain. PLoS Med. 2016;13(5):e1002019. 27. Sipila R, Estlander AM, Tasmuth T, Kataja M, Kalso E. Development of a screening instrument for risk factors of persistent pain after breast cancer surgery. Br J Cancer. 2012;107(9):1459-1466. 28. Chou R, Fanciullo GJ, Fine PG, et al. Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain. J Pain. 2009;10(2):113-130. 29. Babor TF, McRee BG, Kassebaum PA, Grimaldi PL, Ahmed K, Bray J. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT): toward a public health approach to the management of substance abuse. Subst Abus. 2007;28(3):7-30. 30. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Improvement Protocol 63. HHS Publication No SMA 18-5063FULLDOC. 2018. 31. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain—United States, 2016. MMWR Recommendations and Reports. 2016;65(1):16. 32. Hauswirth B. Blunt calls for Missouri PDMP bill. https:// www.missourinet.com/2019/04/17/blunt-calls-for- missouri-pdmp-bill-emphasizes-importance-of- broadband/. Published 2019. Accessed April 24 2019. 33. Federation of State Medical Boards. Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs State-by-state overview. http://www. fsmb.org/siteassets/advocacy/key-issues/prescription- drug-monitoring-programs-by-state.pdf. Published 2019. Accessed April 24 2019. 34. Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain - United States, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016;65(1):1-49. 35. Peppin JF, Passik SD, Couto JE, et al. Recommendations for urine drug monitoring as a component of opioid therapy in the treatment of chronic pain. Pain medicine. 2012;13(7):886-896. 36. Christo PJ, Manchikanti L, Ruan X, et al. Urine drug testing in chronic pain. Pain physician. 2011;14(2):123-143. 37. Food and Drug Administration. Opioid analgesic risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS). https://www. fda.gov/drugs/information-drug-class/opioid-analgesic- risk-evaluation-and-mitigation-strategy-rems. Published 2018. Accessed June 10 2019. 38. Fransen M, McConnell S, Harmer AR, Van der Esch M, Simic M, Bennell KL. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2015;9(1). 39. Kang JW, Lee MS, Posadzki P, Ernst E. T’ai chi for the treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta- analysis. BMJ Open. 2011;1(1):2010-000035. 40. Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Wellman RD, et al. A randomized trial comparing yoga, stretching, and a self-care book for chronic low back pain. Archives of internal medicine. 2011;171(22):2019-2026. 41. Messier SP, Mihalko SL, Legault C, et al. Effects of intensive diet and exercise on knee joint loads, inflammation, and clinical outcomes among overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: the IDEA randomized clinical trial. Jama. 2013;310(12):1263-1273. 42. Hinman RS, McCrory P, Pirotta M, et al. Acupuncture for chronic knee pain: a randomized clinical trial. Jama. 2014;312(13):1313-1322.
43. Perlman AI, Sabina A, Williams AL, Njike VY, Katz DL. Massage therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. Archives of internal medicine. 2006;166(22):2533-2538. 44. Reid MC, Eccleston C, Pillemer K. Management of chronic pain in older adults. Bmj. 2015;13(350). 45. Morley S, Eccleston C, Williams A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of cognitive behaviour therapy and behaviour therapy for chronic pain in adults, excluding headache. Pain. 1999;80(1-2):1-13. 46. Hilton L, Hempel S, Ewing BA, et al. Mindfulness Meditation for Chronic Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Behav Med. 2017;51(2):199-213. 47. American Geriatrics Society Panel on Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons. Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009;57:1331–46. 48. Lee WM. Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity-Isn’t it time for APAP to go away? J Hepatol. 2017;20(17):32148- 32147. 49. Hawkey CJ, Svedberg LE, Naesdal J, Byrne C. Esomeprazole for the management of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients who require NSAIDs: a review of the NASA and SPACE double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Clinical drug investigation. 2009;29(10):677-687. 50. Desai JC, Sanyal SM, Goo T, et al. Primary prevention of adverse gastroduodenal effects from short-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by omeprazole 20 mg in healthy subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Digestive diseases and sciences. 2008;53(8):2059-2065. 51. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Briefing Document: Joint meeting of the arthritis advisory committee and the drug safety and risk management advisory committe April 24 and 25 2018. 2018. 52. Brown T. CV safety of celecoxib similar to naproxen, ibuprofen, FDA panels say. Medscape. https://www. medscape.com/viewarticle/895722. Published 2018. Accessed April 19 2019. 53. Derry S, Rice AS, Cole P, Tan T, Moore RA. Topical capsaicin (high concentration) for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2017;1:CD007393. 54. ProCon.org. 36 legal medical marijuana states and DC. https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.resource. php?resourceID=000881. Accessed February 1, 2021. 55. Rahn EJ, Zvonok AM, Thakur GA, Khanolkar AD, Makriyannis A, Hohmann AG. Selective activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptors suppresses neuropathic nociception induced by treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008;327(2):584-591. 56. National Academies of Science. In: The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research. Washington (DC) 2017. 57. Mucke M, Phillips T, Radbruch L, Petzke F, Hauser W. Cannabis-based medicines for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2018;3:CD012182. 58. Kraft B, Frickey NA, Kaufmann RM, et al. Lack of analgesia by oral standardized cannabis extract on acute inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia in volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2008;109(1):101-110. 59. Wallace M, Schulteis G, Atkinson JH, et al. Dose-dependent effects of smoked cannabis on capsaicin-induced pain and hyperalgesia in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology. 2007;107(5):785-796. 60. Hill KP, Palastro MD, Johnson B, Ditre JW. Cannabis and Pain: A Clinical Review. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2017;2(1):96-104. 61. Stockings E, Campbell G, Hall WD, et al. Cannabis and cannabinoids for the treatment of people with chronic noncancer pain conditions: a systematic review and meta- analysis of controlled and observational studies. Pain. 2018;159(10):1932-1954.
62. Hill KP. Medical Marijuana for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Other Medical and Psychiatric Problems: A Clinical Review. Jama. 2015;313(24):2474-2483. 63. Bachhuber MA, Saloner B, Cunningham CO, Barry CL. Medical cannabis laws and opioid analgesic overdose mortality in the United States, 1999-2010. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(10):1668-1673. 64. Shover CL et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2019;116:12624- 12626 65. Narang S, Gibson D, Wasan AD, et al. Efficacy of dronabinol as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pain patients on opioid therapy. J Pain. 2008;9(3):254-264. 66. Walitt B, Klose P, Fitzcharles MA, Phillips T, Hauser W. Cannabinoids for fibromyalgia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2016;18(7). 67. Adel Y, Alexander SPH, Neuromolecular mechanisms of cannabis action. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1264:15-28. 68. Schwenk ES, Viscusi ER, Buvanendran A, et al. Consensus Guidelines on the Use of Intravenous Ketamine Infusions for Acute Pain Management From the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, the American Academy of Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists. Regional anesthesia and pain medicine. 2018;43(5):456-466. 69. Bruehl S. Complex regional pain syndrome. BMJ;2015:351:h2730. 70. Trescot AM, Datta S, Lee M, Hansen H. Opioid pharmacology. Pain physician. 2008;11(2 Suppl):S133-153. 71. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health HHS Publication No SMA 18-5068, NSDUH Series H-53. 2018. 72. Chu LF, Angst MS, Clark D. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia in humans: molecular mechanisms and clinical considerations. The Clinical journal of pain. 2008;24(6):479-496. 73. Angst MS, Clark JD. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia: a qualitative systematic review. Anesthesiology. 2006;104(3):570-587. 74. Ruta NS, Ballas SK. The opioid epidemic and sickle cell disease: Guilt by association. Pain Medicine 2016; 17: 1793–1798. 75. Brandow AM, Carroll CP, Creary S, Edwards-Elliot R, Glassberg J, Hurley RW, Kutlar A, Seisa M, Stinson J, Strouse JJ, Yusuf F, Zempsky W, Lang E. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for sickle cell disease management of acute and chronic pain. Blood Adv. 2020;48:241-248. 76. Carroll CP. Opioid treatment for acute and chronic pain in patients with sickle cell disease. Neurosci Lett. 2020; Jan 1;714:134534. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019. 77. Pedersen L, Borchgrevink PC, Breivik HP, Fredheim OM. A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy comparison of short- and long-acting dihydrocodeine in chronic non- malignant pain. Pain. 2014;155(5):881-888. 78. FDA blueprint for prescriber education for extended- release and long-acting opioid analgesics. In: Administration FaD, ed. Silver Springs, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2017. 79. Food and Drug Administration. Extended-release and long-acting opioid analgesics shared system. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/ InformationbyDrugClass/UCM348818.pdf. Published 2015. Accessed. 80. Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Surratt HL. Effect of abuse-deterrent formulation of OxyContin. 81. Chronis Manolis CBG, and William Shrank. Mandating Coverage Of Abuse-Deterrent Opioids Would Be A Costly Distraction From More Effective Solutions. In. Health Affairs2017. 82. Malonne H, Coffiner M, Sonet B, Sereno A, Vanderbist F. Efficacy and tolerability of sustained-release tramadol in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: a multicenter, randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled study. Clinical therapeutics. 2004;26(11):1774-1782.
66
Powered by FlippingBook