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20. Loo S, Almazan AN, Vedilago V, Stott B, Reisner SL, Keuroghlian AS. Understanding community member and health care professional perspectives on gender- affirming care: a qualitative study. PLoS One. 2021;16(8):e0255568. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0255568 21. Medina C, Mahowald L. Repealing the affordable care act would have devastating impacts on LGBTQ people. Center for American Progress. October 15, 2020. https://www. americanprogress.org/article/repealing- affordable-care-act-devastating-impacts- lgbtq-people/ 22. Smith SK, Turell SC. Perceptions of healthcare experiences: relational and communicative competencies to improve care for LGBT people. J Soc Issues. 2017;72(3):637-657. doi:10.1111/josi.12235 23. Movement Advancement Project (MAP). Snapshot: LGBTQ equality by state. 2021. https://www.lgbtmap.org/equality-maps 24. DeSalvo K. Healthy people 2020 progress review: social determinants of health and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health. February 5, 2015. https://www.healthypeople. gov/sites/default/files/hp2020_LGBT_SDOH_ progress_review_presentation.pdf 25. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2030. About the objectives. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2020a. https://health.gov/ healthypeople/objectives-and-data/about- objectives 26. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2030: LGBTQ. n.d. https://health.gov/healthypeople/search?quer y=lgbt&f%5B0%5D=aggregated_ topic%3A84 27. United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). 2021. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. https://www. cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm 28. Kcomt L, Gorey KM, Barrett BJ, Esteban McCabe S. Healthcare avoidance due to anticipated discrimination among transgender people: a call to create trans-affirmative environments. SSM Popul Health. 2020;11:1- 8. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100608 29. Whitehead J, Shaver J, Stephenson, R. Outness, stigma, and primary health care utilization among rural LGBT populations. PLoS One. 2016;11(1): e0146139. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0146139 30. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. Access to healthcare: Affordable Care Act. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. 2015. https://www.hhs.gov/programs/topic-sites/ lgbt/accesstohealthcare/affordablecareact/ index.html 31. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Ending Conversion Therapy: Supporting and Affirming LGBTQ Youth. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services

Admin. October 2015. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 15-4928. Accessed February 8, 2022. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/ d7/priv/sma15-4928.pdf 32. Mirza SA, Rooney C. Discrimination prevents LGBTQ people from accessing health care. Center for American Progress. Jan 18, 2018. https://www.americanprogress.org/ article/discrimination-prevents-lgbtq-people- accessing-health-care/ 33. National LGBTQQIA+ Health Education Center. Ten strategies for creating inclusive health care environments for LGBTQIA+ people. National LGBTQQIA+ Health Education Center: A Program of the Fenway Institute. February 17, 2016. Updated May 4, 2021. https:// www.lgbtqiahealtheducation.org/publication/ ten-strategies-for-creating-inclusive-health- care-environments-for-lgbtqia-people-2021/ 34. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health. HealthyPeople.gov. 2021. Accessed February 8, 2022. https://www. healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/ topic/lesbian-gay-bisexual-and-transgender- health 35. Gonzales G, Henning-Smith C. Health disparities by sexual orientation: results and implications from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. J of Community Health. 2017;42(6):1163-1172. doi:10.1007/ s10900-017-0366-z 36. Baptiste-Roberts K, Oranuba E, Werts N, Edwards LV. Addressing healthcare disparities among sexual minorities. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2017;44(1):71-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC5444328/#R8 37. Meyer IH. Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychol Bulletin. 2003;129(5):674- 697. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674 38. Veltman A, La Rose T. LGBTQ mental health: what every clinician needs to know. Psychiatric Times. 2019;36(12). https:// www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/lgbtq-mental- health-what-every-clinician-needs-know 39. Herman JL, Brown TNT, Haas AP. Suicide thoughts and attempts among transgender adults: findings from the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey. UCLA School of Law, Williams Institute Law. September 2019. https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/ publications/suicidality-transgender-adults/ 40. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender persons and tobacco use. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. Page last reviewed January 18, 2022. https://www.cdc. gov/tobacco/disparities/lgbt/

41. Redding B. LGBT substance use—beyond statistics. Soc Work Today. 2014;14(4):8. http://www.socialworktoday.com/ archive/070714p8.shtml 42. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. 2019 national survey on drug use and health: lesbian, gay, & bisexual (LGB) adults. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Admin. November 18, 2020. Accessed February 8, 2022. https://www. samhsa.gov/data/report/2019-nsduh- lesbian-gay-bisexual-lgb-adults 43. Rollè L, Giardina G, Caldarera AM, Gerino E, Brustia P. When intimate partner violence meets same sex couples: a review of same sex intimate partner violence [published correction appears in Front Psychol. 2019 Jul 19;10:1706]. Front Psychol. 2018;9:1506. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01506 44. Peitzmeier SM, Malik M, Kattari SK, et al. Intimate partner violence in transgender populations: systematic review and meta- analysis of prevalence and correlates. Am J Public Health. 2020;110(9):e1-e14, doi:10.2105/AJPH.2020.305774 45. Human Rights Campaign. An epidemic of violence in 2021: fatal violence against transgender and gender non-confirming people in the United States in 2021. Human Rights Campaign Reports. 2021. https:// reports.hrc.org/an-epidemic-of-violence- fatal-violence-against-transgender-and- gender-non-confirming-people-in-the-united- states-in-2021 46. Waters E; National Coalition of Anti- Violence Programs. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and HIV-affected hate violence in 2016. National Coalition of Anti- Violence Programs. 2017 release edition. http://avp.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/ NCAVP_2016HateViolence_REPORT.pdf 47. Movement Advancement Project. Equality maps: hate crime laws. 2022. Accessed February 8, 2022. https://www.lgbtmap.org/ equality-maps/hate_crime_laws 48. American Heart Association. Decline in cardiac deaths slowing, while county-level disparities grow. Journal of the American Heart Association report. Science Daily. July 29, 2020. Accessed February 8, 2022. https://www.sciencedaily. com/releases/2020/07/200729114842.htm 49. Caceres BA, Streed CG Jr, Corliss HL, et al. Assessing and addressing cardiovascular health in LGBTQ adults: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020;142(19):e321-e332. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000914 50. Caceres BA, Brody A, Luscombe RE, et al. A systematic review of cardiovascular disease in sexual minorities. Am J Public Health, 2017;107(4):e13-e21. doi:10.2105/ AJPH.2016.303630

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