■ Aggravated indecent assault as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 3125 (relating to aggravated indecent assault). ■ Indecent assault as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 3126 (relating to indecent assault). ■ Indecent exposure as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 3127 (relating to indecent exposure). ■ Incest as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 4302 (relating to incest). ■ Prostitution as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 5902 (relating to prostitution and related offenses). ■ Sexual abuse as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 6312 (relating to sexual abuse of children). ■ Unlawful contact with a minor as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 6318 (relating to unlawful contact with minor). ■ Sexual exploitation as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. § 6320 (relating to sexual exploitation of children). Bodily Injury Impairment of physical condition or substantial pain. (Pennsylvania General Assembly, n.d.-a). Serious Mental Injury A serious mental injury is defines as psychological condition, as diagnosed by a physician or licensed psychologist,including the refusal of appropriate treatment, that:
● Renders a child chronically and severely anxious, agitated, depressed, socially withdrawn, psychotic or in reasonable fear that the child’s life or safety is threatened. ● Seriously interferes with a child’s ability to accomplish age- appropriate developmental and social tasks. Serious Physical Neglect Serious physical neglect is defined as any of the following when committed by a perpetrator that endangers a child’s life or health, threatens a child’s well-being, causes bodily injury or impairs a child’s health, development or functioning: ● A repeated, prolonged or egregious failure to supervise a child in a manner that is appropriate considering the child’s developmental age and abilities. ● The failure to provide a child with adequate essentials of life, including food, shelter or medical care (Pennsylvania General Assembly, n.d.-a). Act or Failure to Act Recent act or failure to act. Any act or failure to act committed within two years of the date of the report to the department or county agency. Act. Something that is done to harm or cause potential harm to a child. Failure to Act. Something that is NOT done to prevent harm or potential harm to a child. (Pennsylvania General Assembly, n.d.-a) ● Extreme apprehensiveness/vigilance. ● Pronounced aggression or passivity. ● Flinches easily or avoids being touched. ● Play includes abusive behavior or talk. ● Unable to recall how injuries occurred or account of injuries is inconsistent with the nature of the injuries. ● Fear of parent or caregiver. employee of a child-care services, a school or through a program, activity or service. ● An individual 14 years of age or older who resides in the same home as the child. ● An individual 18 years of age or older who does not reside in the same home as the child but is related within the third degree of consanguinity or affinity by birth or adoption to the child. ● An individual 18 years of age or older who engages a child in severe forms of trafficking in persons or sex trafficking,as those terms are defined under section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 1466, 22 U.S.C §7102). Only the following may be considered a perpetrator for failing to act, as provided in this section: ● A parent of the child. ● A spouse or former spouse of the child’s parent. ● A paramour or former paramour of the child’s parent. ● A person 18 years of age or older and responsible for the child’s welfare. ● School employee: Behavioral Indicators. ● Fear of going home. An individual who is employed by a school or who provides a program, activity or service sponsored by a school. The term does not apply to administrative or other support personnel unless the administrative or other support personnel have direct contact with the children. Prior to December 31, 2014,
CHILD ABUSE INDICATORS
The following are possible indicators of child abuse. (Child Welfare, 2019) Bodily injury Physical Indicators. ● Unexplained injuries. ● Unbelievable or inconsistent explanations of injuries. ● Multiple bruises in various stages of healing. ● Bruises located on faces, ears, necks, buttocks, backs, chests, thighs, back of legs, and genitalia. ● Bruises that resemble objects such as a hand, fist, belt buckle, or rope. ● Injuries that are inconsistent with a child’s age/developmental level. ● Burns. Sexual abuse or exploitation Physical Indicators. ● Sleep disturbances. ● Bed wetting. ● Pain or irritation in genital/anal area. ● Difficulty walking or sitting. ● Difficultly urinating. ● Pregnancy. ● Positive testing for sexually transmitted disease or HIV. ● Excessive or injurious masturbation. The following are possible indicators of child abuse. (Child Welfare, 2019): Health care provider consideration: A mandated reporter does not have to determine whether the person meets thedefinition of perpetrator to report suspected abuse. (Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, 2019) Perpetrator Perpetrator is defined in section 6303 of the CPSL as a person who has committed child abuse The following shall apply: The term includes only the following: ● A parent of the child. ● A spouse or former spouse of the child’s parent. ● A paramour or former paramour of the child’s parent. ● A person 14 years of age or older and responsible for the child’s welfare or having direct contact with children as an
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