● Rip rap : Rock or other material used to protect shorelines, streambeds, bridge abutments, pilings, and other shoreline structures against scour and water or ice erosion. ● Root pruning : The trimming of roots to stimulate growth, develop a thick mass of roots, or to remove broken or damaged roots. ● Salt marsh : A salt marsh is a coastal ecosystem between land and open salt water or brackish water that is regularly flooded by tides. It is dominated by dense stands of salt-tolerant plants, such as herbs, grasses, and low shrubs. ● Shrub : A woody plant that is smaller than a tree and has several main stems arising at or near the ground. ● Soil : The upper layer of earth in which plants grow, a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles. ● Soil subsidence : The gradual caving in or sinking of an area of land. ● Sooty mold : A type of plant mold that grows in the secretion (honeydew) of many common plant pests, such as aphids or scale. The pests cover the leaves in honeydew and the sooty mold spore lands on the honeydew and begins to reproduce. ● Storm water : Surface water in abnormal quantities resulting from heavy falls of rain or snow. ● Trees : A plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species. Trees include a variety of plant species that have independently evolved woody trunks and branches as a way to tower above other plants to compete for sunlight. Palms and bamboo are actually grasses. For the purpose of this course any reference to trees will include palms and bamboo. ● Turf : Grass and earth held together by roots. ● Turf block : Interlocking concrete or plastic cells used for decorative purposes. ● Turf grass : Grass grown for lawns, of a type that forms a dense even turf if mown and maintained. ● Understory trees : Small trees, shrubs, and vines that grow under the taller trees. These plants can grow in the shade of the taller trees and remain short even if they are old. ● Water stress : Occurs when the demand for water exceeds the available amount during a certain period or when poor quality restricts its use. Water stress causes deterioration of freshwater resources in terms of quantity (aquifer over-exploitation, dry rivers, etc.) and quality (eutrophication, organic matter pollution, saline intrusion, etc.). ● Wetland : A transition ecosystem between land and water, such as bogs, mangroves, swamps, and marshes. ● Wildlife : Undomesticated animals living in the wild, including those hunted for food, sport, or profit. ● Xeriscaping : Xeriscaping (pronounced zir-uh-skape-ing ) combines the Greek word for dry ( xeros ) with the word landscaping . Coined by the Denver Water Department in 1981, the term xeriscape relates to the practice of designing water-efficient landscapes to reduce or eliminate the need for irrigation.
● Landscape : Any combination of living plants (such as grass, ground cover, shrubs, vines, hedges, or trees) and non-living landscape material (such as rocks, pebbles, sand, mulch, walls, fences, or decorative paving materials). ● Landscape architect : DBPR’s board of landscape architecture is responsible for licensing and regulating landscape architects. The requirements for licensure include a professional degree in landscape architecture and one year of approved practical experience; or seven years of practical experience acceptable to the board. ● Landscape designer : Landscape designers do not have any licensure, educational, or training requirements. If permits are required, the county or municipality may not accept the design andspecifications developed by a landscape designer. ● Leaching : Natural process by which water soluble substances (such as calcium, fertilizers, and pesticides) are washed out from soil or waste. These leached out chemicals cause pollution of surface and sub-surface water. ● Lime : A white caustic alkaline substance consisting of calcium oxide, obtained by heating limestone. ● Microbials : Consist of microscopic living organisms (viruses, bacteria, and fungi) and can be applied like chemical pesticides. ● Modification of cultural practices : Changing practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival. For example, changing irrigation practices can reduce pest problems, since too much water can increase root disease and weeds. ● Nematode : Any of a phylum of elongated cylindrical worms, parasitic in animals or plants. ● Organic fertilizer : Fertilizer that is derived from plants and animals includes ingredients, such as manure and compost. ● Perennials : Perennial plants live for more than one growing season and return the following year. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. ● Pervious : Allowing water to pass through; permeable. For example, concrete is a pervious material. ● Pesticides : A substance used to control pests or weeds. ● Pests : Any plant, animal, or pathogenic (a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism causing disease) agent injurious to plants or plant products. ● pH : Defines whether a substance is acidic or alkaline. A solution is considered acidic if it contains more hydrogen than water (pH 7.0). ● Plant stress : Plants subjected to less-than-ideal growing conditions are considered to be under stress, which can negatively affect growth and survival. ● Plants : A living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, herbs, grasses, ferns, and mosses, typically growing in a permanent site, absorbing water and inorganic substances through its roots, and synthesizing nutrients in its leaves by photosynthesis using the green pigment chlorophyll. ● Pruning : Trimming (a tree, shrub, or bush) by cutting away dead or overgrown branches or stems, to improve health, control growth, and increase fruitfulness. ● Reclaimed water (or recycled water) : Former wastewater (sewage) that is treated to remove solids and impurities, and used in sustainable landscaping irrigation to recharge groundwater aquifers, to meet commercial and industrial water needs, and for drinking. An aquifer is a body of permeable rock that can contain or transmit groundwater.
EliteLearning.com/CAM/
Book Code: CAMFL1526
Page 24
Powered by FlippingBook