_______________________________________________________________________ HIV/AIDS: An Update
F inal E xam
HIV/AIDS: AN UPDATE
Select the best answer for each question and mark your answers on the Final Examination Answer Sheet found on page 98, or complete your test online at BOOK.CME.EDU. A passing grade of at least 70% must be achieved in order to receive credit for this course.
31. Approximately how many individuals were living with HIV worldwide at the end of 2023?
37. Which of the following types of sexual contact poses the highest risk of HIV infection? A) Oral sex
A) 39.9 million B) 56.2 million C) 75.4 million D) 1.2 billion
B) Unprotected vaginal intercourse C) Protected insertive anal intercourse D) Unprotected receptive anal intercourse
32. What proportion of adolescents and adults with HIV in the United States are male?
38. Strategies to prevent HIV transmission through needle sharing in injecting drug users include A) medication-assisted drug treatment. B) free provision of sterile injection equipment. C) recruitment of “street” outreach workers for intensive drug and sex risk-reduction educational campaigns. D) All of the above
A) 55% B) 62% C) 78% D) 95%
33. One characteristic of HIV disease is A) depletion of helper T cells. B) decreased suppressor T cells. C) increased killer T cell activity.
39. After a possible occupational exposure to HIV, postexposure prophylaxis should be initiated
A) only after tests have confirmed infection. B) after three consecutive positive test results.
D) elevated T lymphocyte functional capacity.
C) as soon as possible and continued for four weeks. D) after 24 to 48 hours and continued for at least eight weeks. 40. Regarding the natural history of HIV infection, all of the following statements are TRUE, EXCEPT: A) Acute HIV infection often produces symptoms of an infectious mononucleosis-like illness. B) Laboratory abnormalities include lymphopenia, atypical lymphocytosis, and decreased CD4 count. C) The degree of plasma viral load six months following primary infection will have little influence on the subsequent pace of disease progression.
34. Acute primary HIV illness usually resolves in A) less than 12 to 24 hours. B) less than 14 days. C) 21 days. D) more than 2 months.
35. The World Health Organization defines advanced HIV as a CD4 count of less than
A) 200 cells/mcL. B) 350 cells/mcL. C) 750 cells/mcL. D) 1,500 cells/mcL.
D) Left untreated, HIV causes a protracted infection of the immune system with an average annual decrease in CD4 count of about 50 cells/mcL.
36. Which of the following is NOT an established risk category for HIV transmission?
A) MSM B) IDUs C) Close contact D) Perinatal transmission
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MDCT2026
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