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Optimizing Outcomes in Rehabilitation: Motor Learning Principles and Beyond: Summary
F INAL EXAM QUESTIONS
109. Which of the following is true of conventional therapy that does not take into account current motor learning concepts? a. Less than adequate practicerepetitions to ensure optimal learning b. More focus on impairments than increasing practice repetitions c. Training intensities that do not reach the required level to drive neuroplastic changes in the nervous system d. All of the above 110. Which of the following is NOT an element in optimal training for learning? a. Adequate and properly structured practice b. Accommodation of impairments with proper bracing and assistive devices c. Appropriate and properly scaled feedback d. Patient centered to maximize meaningfulness and motivation to succeed 111. What is the first step in learning a motor skill? a. Implicit learning with increased automatization of skill b. Explicit learning through instruction and/or modeling c. Implicit learning with limited feedback d. Explicit learning through subconscious noncognitive processes 112. Which brain structures are more involved in explicit learning (versus implicit learning)? a. Premotor cortex b. Cerebellum c. Basal ganglia d. Thalamus 113. Which is the most accurate statement? a. Explicit learning is not a factor in more advanced stages of motor learning b. Explicit learning becomes more of a factor as skill learning progresses c. Implicit learning is the primary factor in advanced learning, but explicit learning still has a role d. Implicit and explicit learning have equal influences throughout the stages of learning a skill
114. Joe is taking a class on rock climbing. Having never done this before, what characteristics of movement might he expect during his first class? a. Overuse of only one or two holds at a time leading to more falls b. Smooth finely controlled movement from one hold to the next c. Reliance on very few movement strategies leading to increased failure d. Increased fatigue due to overuse and excessive muscle tone 115. What is an accurate description of a well- mastered motor skill? a. Smooth and consistent movement with no variability b. Focused movement with little to no attention diverted to other tasks c. Execution of a task that is adaptable to varied challenges d. Stereotypical movements that are predictable and unchanging 116. Which of the following is an example of error-based learning? a. Improving with archery by successfully adjusting aim closer to the center of the target b. Improving with slacklining through smaller adjustments and corrections c. Improving with soccer penalty kicking by tracking hits and misses d. Improving with transfers through receiving positive feedback 117. Which of the following statements about neuroplasticity is true? a. Kaya’s long-standing bad habit of jumping during free throw shooting is a result of neuroplastic changes in her nervous system b. Bill should not expect much improvement after his stroke because he is in his 80s c. Lu’s ability to learn how to safely transfer has nothing to do with the added stress of his wife’s admission to the hospital d. Levon attributes his improvements in walking after his stroke to be solely due to hard work and practice
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