IDENTIFYING COMMON RASHES IN URGENT CARE: A CASE STUDY APPROACH FOR APRNS Self-Assessment Answers and Rationales
1. The correct answer is B. Rationale: The “A” in the ABCDE–EFG method refers to asymmetry of the mole. 2. The correct answer is A Rationale: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of impetigo. Streptococcus pyogenes, not Streptococcus agalactiae, can cause impetigo. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli are not common causes of impetigo. 3. The correct answer is D. Rationale: Diaper dermatitis is a common skin condition that can range from mild to severe in severity. Moderate diaper dermatitis is characterized by more extensive erythema with maceration or superficial erosions, and pain and discomfort are associated symptoms. Mild diaper dermatitis is characterized by scattered erythematous papules or mild asymptomatic erythema over limited skin areas with minimal maceration and frictional irritation. Severe diaper dermatitis, on the other hand, is characterized by extensive erythema with a glossy appearance, painful erosions, papules, and nodules. Knowing the severity of diaper dermatitis can help guide appropriate treatment and management. 4. The correct answer is C. Rationale: Petechial rash, relative leukopenia, elevated aminotransferases, and history of tick bites are some clinical clues that can help distinguish Rocky Mountain spotted fever from meningococcemia. Travel to endemic areascan indicate the likelihood of the person having Rocky Moutain Spotted Fever. 5. The correct answer is D. Rationale: One of the symptoms of dengue fever is a rash, which appears on the fifth day of illness and lasts for several days. The rash typically starts on the trunk and then spreads to the limbs, but it does not usually appear on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. 6. The correct answer is B. Rationale: Washing clothes, bedding, and towels in hot water and drying them on high heat is an effective management strategy for scabies. This helps kill any mites or eggs that may be on them and prevent the spread of the infestation. Taking a cold shower and applying moisturizer may help soothe the itching temporarily but won’t treat the condition. Using a topical cream that contains corticosteroids may help reduce inflammation but won’t kill the mites or eggs. Applying tea tree oil directly on the affected area is not recommended, as it may cause irritation and allergic reactions.
7. The correct answer is B. Rationale: Tinea capitis is a type of fungal infection that affects the hair follicles on the scalp and requires treatment with systemic antifungal medication. Even though terbinafine is approved by the FDA to treat tinea capitis in patients over age 4 years, many healthcare professionals consider griseofulvin as the preferred medication due to its effectiveness against the causative organism, its low cost, and its long-standing history of safe and successful use. Itraconazole and fluconazole are also effective against tinea capitis, although they are not FDA- Rationale: The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can cause two different diseases, namely chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (herpes zoster), despite being the same virus. Shingles is marked by a painful, one-sided outbreak of vesicles that usually appear in a single or two adjacent dermatomes. People who have been vaccinated against VZV are not susceptible to chickenpox. After the crust forms, the lesions of shingles stop being infectious, which typically happens in 7 to 10 days for individuals with a healthy immune system. 9. The correct answer is D. approved for this condition. 8. The correct answer is D. Rationale: The rash that is associated with mpox usually starts as small macules, then progresses to papules, vesicles, and pseudo-pustules, before it finally crusts over. The lesions are deep-seated, are well-defined, and often develop central depressions. Unlike what might be expected, the rash does not always progress in a straight line, and the lesions do not contain mostly fluid or pus. Moreover, while the rash can cause pain, it is usually itchy during the healing phase when the crusts form.
Course Code: ANCCUS04IR
EliteLearning.com/Nursing
Book Code: AUS3024
Page 55
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