Table 9. Common Opioids for Chronic Pain Management continued Medication Available Oral Strengths Dosage
Clinical Considerations
Oxycodone, immediate release • Oxaydo • Roxicodone • Roxybond
Capsules: 5 mg
Initiate: • 5 to 15 mg PO every 4 to 6 hours.
Commonly used for breakthrough pain in patients receiving around-the-clock oxycodone.
Tablets: 5 mg
7.5 mg 10 mg 15 mg 20 mg 30 mg Oral solution: 5 mg/5 mL 20 mg/5 mL 100 mg/5 mL
Oxycodone, extended-release tablets • OxyContin
Tablets: 10 mg 15 mg 20 mg 30 mg 40 mg 60 mg 80 mg
Conversion from immediate-release oxycodone: • Calculate the total daily oxycodone dose. • Divide into two equal amounts and give orally every 12 hours. • Titrate the total daily oxycodone dose by 25% to 50% every one to two days.
Due to drug interactions, particular drugs may need to be avoided, or dosage adjustments may be necessary. During treatment with extended- release formulations, immediate-release formulations may be required for breakthrough pain. To convert from fentanyl transdermal patch to oxycodone: • 10 mg PO every 12 hours for each 25 mcg/hour fentanyl transdermal patch beginning 18 hours after removal of the fentanyl transdermal patch. Due to drug interactions, certain drugs may need to be avoided, or dosage adjustments may be necessary. Use an alternate medication for patients who require a dose less than 9 mg. Maximum dosage limit: 288 mg/day (equivalent to 320 mg oxycodone HCI). During treatment with extended- release formulations, immediate-release formulations may be required for breakthrough pain. Only for severe pain requiring an opioid analgesic when alternative therapy has been inadequate. Conversion factor for daily oral opioids to oxymorphone, extended-release: Do not use it to convert oxymorphone, or extended-release to other opioids, as this will result in overestimation and possible fatal overdose. During treatment with extended- release formulations, immediate-release formulations may be required for breakthrough pain. Only for severe pain requiring an opioid analgesic when alternative therapy has been inadequate. Maximum dose of tapentadol immediate release is 700 mg/day on day one and 600 mg/day thereafter. • Oxymorphone: 1 • Hydrocodone: 0.5 • Oxycodone: 0.5 • Morphine: 0.333 • Methadone: 0.5
Oxycodone (as base), extended- release capsules • Xtampza
Capsules: 9 mg 13.5 mg
Conversion from immediate-release oxycodone: • Calculate the total daily oxycodone dose • Divide into two equal doses • Give orally every 12 hours; titrate the total daily oxycodone dose by 25% to 50% every one to two days
18 mg 27 mg 36 mg
Oxymorphone, immediate- release tablets • Opana Oxymorphone, extended- release tablets Generic only
Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg
5 to 20 mg PO every 4 to 6 hours as needed
Tablets: 5 mg 7.5 mg 10 mg 15 mg 20 mg 30 mg 40 mg
Conversion from immediate-release oxymorphone: • Calculate the total daily oxymorphone dose; divide it into two equal doses and give orally every 12 hours • Titrate by 5 to 10 mg/dose every three to seven days as needed
Tapentadol, immediate-release tablets • Nucynta
Tablets: 50 mg 75 mg 100 mg
Initiate: • 0 to 100 mg PO every 4 to 6 hours • A second dose may be administered as soon as one hour after the first dose if pain control is not achieved • Titrate dose as needed to the maximum dose
EliteLearning.com/Nursing
Book Code: AUS3024
Page 25
Powered by FlippingBook