this stage, the individual has confidence that willpower will improve the journey of change. Individuals are willing to receive assistance and support and develop short-term positive reinforcement, which counteracts potential triggers that lead to relapse. Unfortunately, many individuals need clarification on this stage of change and forgo the work required to act on changing behavior (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan & Cogburn, 2022). 5. Maintenance . Continuing new behavior change is the focus of the fifth stage. Individuals have maintained total abstinence for more than 6 months. This stage gives individuals the confidence to maintain positive lifestyle changes without fearing relapse. Thoughts of old habits often return, but the temptation is resisted. Individuals require support as they reevaluate reasons for change, acknowledge success, and consider potential triggers (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan, N & Cogburn, M., 2022). Ultimately, the goal is to create an action plan to prevent relapse since the first 3-6 months of abstinence is difficult to achieve. After that, treatment becomes individualized with a fluid and dynamic evolution (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan & Cogburn, 2022). The current emphasis is on helping the nurses with substance use disorder recover and continue with their careers, not punishing them and taking disciplinary action against them. However, to benefit from this treatment emphasis, nurses have an obligation to participate in an approved alternative treatment program and adhere to all of its mandates, as well as to the mandates of state law and rules of their respective State Board of Nursing. Additionally, all nurses have an obligation to complete continuing education courses on the topic of substance use disorder, to act in the best interests of the patient, and to facilitate the treatment and recovery of their colleagues.
addictive actions. It is important to understand that the individual is in denial and tends to defend the actions. Resistant, unmotivated, and unwilling to change are descriptors for this stage. Additionally, the individual may obsess about the negative rather than focus on the benefits of change (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan & Cogburn, 2022). 2. Contemplation . The second stage is contemplation and is marked by an awareness of problematic behavior. However, the individual still determines if the problem is worthy of correcting. Therefore, the avoidance of conflict results in no commitment to the matter. The problem is at the center, but the individual never acts meaningfully. This causes the individual to remain stuck for about 6 months (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan & Cogburn, 2022). 3. Preparation. In the third stage, the individual can acknowledge the problematic behavior and commit to correction. The practice combines intentional conduct where individuals gather information from various sources like self-help books and psychotherapy while developing an action plan. For example, individuals comment that smoking is terrible (Norcross & Beutler, 2019; Raihan & Cogburn, 2022). 4. Action . Change happens during the fourth stage. Total abstinence is expected for less than 6 months. During Intent to change practice Some critical elements can be used to change practice and enhance recognition, intervention, and return-to- work issues. But first, everyone must take an active role in changing practice outcomes. Some elements of intent to change practice include the following: ● Encourage the delivery of and participation in SUD education. ● Review/establish specific policies and procedures that guide SUD recognition, reporting, consequences of not reporting, and support and treatment options for the person dealing with SUD. ● Encourage the development of programs that educate specific staff members as interventionists when confrontation is necessary. ● Examine one’s own attitudes toward people with SUD and how they influence intervention. ● Volunteer to serve on committees, task forces, and so on to improve the safety culture of the organization, as a culture of safety must be maintained. (Collins et al., 2018)
WORKS CITED https://qr2.mobi/ControlledSubstances
PRESCRIBING CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES SAFELY: A DEA REQUIREMENT Self-Assessment Answers and Rationales
1. The correct answer is A. Rationale: Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) is available 24 hours a day to patients and clinicians to answer any questions concerning accidental ingestion or contact with
to do so by the state in which they practice; the hospital or institution has verified the practitioner is permitted to dispense, administer, or prescribe controlled substances within the state; the practitioner only acts within the scope of employment in the hospital or institution, and the hospital or institution authorizes the practitioner to dispense or prescribe under its registration and assigns a specific internal code for each practitioner so authorized. 3. The correct answer is D. Rationale: If the prescriber institutes long-term opioid therapy, a written informed consent and treatment agreement is recommended. The informed consent may address several issues, such as evidence that the benefit of opioids or other medications in managing chronic pain is
known or unknown substances. 2. The correct answer is D.
Rationale: Clinicians who are agents or employees of a hospital or other institution (e.g., interns, residents, staff physicians, advanced practice providers) may, in the normal course of their duties, administer, dispense, or prescribe controlled substances under the registration of the hospital or other institution in which they are employed, provided that the dispensing, administering, or prescribing is in the normal course of practice; practitioners are authorized
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