Survey-Teen in 2020 indicated that 83% of adolescents in Rhode Island between 13-17 years of age received all recommended doses of the (HPV) vaccine while only 31.9% of adolescents of the same age range in Mississippi received
all recommended doses of the (HPV) vaccine (United Health Foundation, 2022). Table 10 provides 2015 HPV vaccination rates for adolescent girls by state. These figures reflect adolescents who received all 3 doses of the vaccine.
Table 10: 2015 HPV Vaccination Completion Rates for Girls Ages 13 to 17, by State Adolescent Girls Completing HBV Vaccine Series Number of States States Less than 30% 3 Mississippi, Utah, Wyoming 30% to 37.6% 13
Alaska, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Arkansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Idaho Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Virginia, Alabama, North Carolina, Minnesota, Tennessee, Illinois, Ohio, New Mexico, West Virginia, Texas, Arizona, Nevada California, Connecticut, New Jersey, New York, Delaware, District of Colombia, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Nebraska, Colorado, North Dakota, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont
37.7% to 44.9%
15
At least 45%
19 + District of Columbia
Note . Adapted from Reagan-Steiner S, Yankey D, Jeyarjah J, et.al. National, Regional, State and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years-United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65-850-858. DOI:http ://dx.doi.org/10.15585/ mmwr.mm6533a4 Last reviewed August 17, 2017.
Although the safety of any vaccine is a major concern for both parents and healthcare professionals, parents have expressed additional concerns, including cost, when it comes to the HPV vaccine. The approximate cost of the Gardasil 9 vaccine is about $250 for a two or three dose schedule (Jones, 2022). The Vaccine for Children (VFC) program covers the cost of the vaccine for children / adolescents 18 years of age or younger who meet certain qualifications, while private insurance under the Affordable Care Act should provide the vaccine at no cost to those who are in the recommended age groups and some patients over 18 may be covered by Medicaid (Jones, 2022). Fees can vary so it is prudent for those who want to receive the vaccine to determine the fees involved.
Since there is no cure for any HPV virus type, halting transmission must be achieved through prevention. Successful prevention efforts require education of the public through various formats, including the media, community campaigns, and healthcare providers. It is imperative that dental providers are prepared to have conversations with their patients about HPV and its relation to oropharyngeal cancer, the sexual practices that promote viral transmission and the availability of the HPV vaccine and its role in the prevention of HPV-related diseases (Hakeem & Catalanotto, 2019). The CDC recommends that all healthcare providers encourage parents to consider immunizing their children against HPV (Tillman 2019).
Table 11: Vaccine Financing Private Insurance The federal Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires all new private insurance plans to cover recommended preventive services without consumer cost- sharing. The vaccine is covered under this type of policy. Individuals with insurance under the new health exchanges are covered for the vaccine without consumer cost-sharing.
Public Financing
Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program : This federally-financed program pays for vaccines recommended by ACIP for children ages 18 and under who are either Medicaid- eligible, uninsured, American Indian or Alaska Native, or underinsured. Gardasil 9 was recommended for coverage in February 2015 for males and females ages 9 through 18.
Immunization Grant Program (Section 317) : The CDC awards federal grants to state, local, and territorial public health agencies to aid with vaccine costs. Funds can help extend coverage to children not covered by the VFC. Medicaid : The VFC Program pays for vaccinations for all children through age 18 with Medicaid. Women and men ages 19 and 20 with Medicaid are eligible for Medicaid coverage of all ACIP-recommended vaccines. For adults over the age of 21, coverage is on a state-by-state basis. Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) : State CHIP programs separate from state Medicaid programs must cover ACIP-recommended vaccines for beneficiaries since they are not eligible for coverage under the federal VFC Program.
Uninsured adults age 21 and older: There is currently no source of public funding for vaccines. Uninsured low-income adults: Merck and GlaxoSmithKline have established assistance programs to provide free vaccines. Note . Adapted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Paying for HPV Vaccine. November 16, 2021i. https://www.cdc.gov. upd>hpv>hcp>payment; Jones, Brandi. Cost and Insurance Coverage for the HPV Vaccine Gardasil. Verywell Health. Updated August, 18, 2022. https://www.verywellhealth.com>...>prevention
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